Switch terminal system with spatial relationship information

ABSTRACT

A system is provided for controlling a first switch terminal of a building occupied by one or more building occupants. The system includes a plurality of switch terminals at the building. A first computer system is coupled to the first switch terminal or equivalent of the building at a first location of the building. The first computer system runs on at least one platform. A first plurality of sensors is coupled to the first switch terminal and the first computer system. At least a portion of the sensors provide signal data to the first computer system. The first computer system produces a command or data output that relates to at least one of: a command output for a local control system, a command output for a different system, a data output for a different system, a command output for a non-local device or a data output that is a non-local device. A second switch terminal includes a second plurality of sensors coupled to a second computer system. The system is configured to provide information of how at least a portion of the first plurality of sensors relate to the second plurality of sensors.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims the priority benefit of all of the following:which is a Continuation-In-Part of Ser. No. 15/838,371, filed on Dec.12, 2017, which is a Continuation of Ser. No. 15/835,471, filed on Dec.8, 2017, which is a Continuation of Ser. No. 15/835,460, filed on Dec.8, 2017, which is a Continuation of Ser. No. 15/822,109, filed on Nov.24, 2017, which is a Continuation-In-Part of Ser. No. 15/817,318, filedon Nov. 20, 2017, which is a Continuation of Ser. No. 15/815,729, filedon Nov. 17, 2017, a Continuation of Ser. No. 15/788,823, filed on Oct.20, 2017, which is a continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 15/782,864, filedon Oct. 13, 2017, which is a continuation-in-part of Ser. No.15/681,356, filed on Aug. 19, 2017, which is a continuation-in-part ofSer. No. 15/681,351, filed on Aug. 19, 2017, which is acontinuation-in-part of Ser. No. 15/681,343, filed on Aug. 19, 2017,which is a continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 15/649,683, filed on Jul.14, 2017, which is a continuation of Ser. No. 15/649,672, filed on Jul.14, 2017, which is a continuation of Ser. No. 15/649,669 filed on Jul.14, 2017, which is a U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/416,281,filed on Nov. 2, 2016, which are incorporated herein by reference.

BACKGROUND Field of the Invention

This invention relates generally to adaptive control systems for abuilding, and more particularly to adaptive control systems with one ormore switch terminals and spatial relationship information relative toat least a portion of the switch terminals.

Brief Description of the Related Art

Electronic control over complex systems has been limited primarily toindustrial applications, and occasionally commercial applications. Suchelectronic control systems usually required extensive and costlyequipment, as well as technically trained operators. However, asconsumer products and systems become more and more complex, untrainedpeople in home environments have been increasingly desirous of obtaininga sophisticated electronic control system for enabling an easy to usecontrol over such home products and systems. Many such products andsystems are also increasingly being used in commercial environments,such as electronic conference rooms, in which it is also desirable toprovide an easy to use control system for use by individuals who areoften not skilled in technological arts.

Many building automation systems are generally built around a smallcontrol box which is connected by means of existing household AC wiring,to one or more modules distributed throughout the home. The appliancesand/or lights to be controlled are in turn connected to the modules andmay thus be controlled from the control console by the homeowner. Themain advantage of such “power-line carrier” home control systems is thatthey are low in cost and utilize existing home wiring. However, suchpower-line carrier control systems can be easily disrupted by internalcircuitry or outside environmental electrical disturbances, such asweather conditions. In addition, such systems allow the control of onlya relatively limited number of types of electrical appliances, namely,lights and small electrical appliances. They do not, however, allow forany sophisticated platforming functions other than perhaps a time on andtime off feature. This provides power-line carrier control systems areof relatively limited utility for building automation purposes.

More sophisticated building automation systems are generally builtaround a platform able microprocessor connected to a local bus whichaccepts a limited number of input/output control cards. Such systems mayallow the connection of building occupant control devices such as akeypad or a touchscreen for inputting control commands to the homeautomation system. However, such systems have a predetermined limitednumber of how many devices and building occupant interfaces the systemcan support.

SUMMARY

An object of the present invention is to provide an adaptive controlsystem of a building where the system is configured to provideinformation of how at least a portion of a first plurality of sensorsrelate to a second plurality of sensors.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an adaptivecontrol system for a building wherein the system is configured toprovide information of how at least one sensor and a second sensorrelate to each other.

A further object of the present invention is to provide an adaptivecontrol system for a building where the system is configured to providespatial relationship information for at least a portion of devicescoupled to a first and a second plurality of sensors.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide an adaptivecontrol system for a building where the system is configured to providea prediction of activity by a building occupant.

These and other objects of the present invention are achieved in asystem for controlling a first switch terminal of a building occupied byone or more building occupant. The system includes a plurality of switchterminals at the building. A first computer system is coupled to thefirst switch terminal or equivalent of the building at a first locationof the building. The first computer system runs on at least oneplatform. A first plurality of sensors is coupled to the first switchterminal and the first computer system. At least a portion of thesensors provide signal data to the first computer system. The firstcomputer system produces a command or data output that relates to atleast one of: a command output for a local control system, a commandoutput for a different system, a data output for a different system, acommand output for a non-local device or a data output that is anon-local device. A second switch terminal includes a second pluralityof sensors coupled to a second computer system. The system is configuredto provide information of how at least a portion of the first pluralityof sensors relate to the second plurality of sensors.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 illustrates one embodiment of a building adaptive control systemof the present invention.

FIG. 2 illustrates one embodiment of a switch terminal that can be usedwith the present invention.

FIG. 3 illustrates one embodiment of a power management system that canbe used with the present invention.

FIG. 4 illustrates one embodiment of an integrated computing device thatcan be used with the present invention.

FIG. 5 illustrates one embodiment of a mesh network that can be usedwith the present invention.

FIG. 6 illustrates one embodiment of a central light decision enginethat can be used with the present invention.

FIG. 7 illustrates one embodiment of an adaptive network that includestwo or more switch terminals.

FIG. 8 illustrates one embodiment of a machine intelligence system thatcan be used with the present invention.

FIG. 9 illustrates one embodiment of an NTB algorithm that can be usedwith the present invention.

FIGS. 10A-E illustrate one embodiment of a cloud infrastructure that canbe used with the present invention.

FIGS. 11-13 illustrate one embodiment of mobile devices that can be usedwith the present invention.

FIGS. 14-15 illustrate various embodiments of a dual band slot antennathat can be used with the present invention.

FIG. 16 illustrates one embodiment of a switch terminal where there isno specific no specific configuration of the wiring terminals to aspecific wiring element/circuit.

FIG. 17 illustrates one embodiment of the present invention with wiringterminals coupled to wiring elements of a switch terminal.

FIG. 18 illustrates one embodiment of a motion detection sensor that isused with the present invention

FIG. 19 illustrates one embodiment of the present invention with stubwiring terminals coupled to wiring elements of a switch terminal with alocking mechanism.

FIG. 20 illustrates one embodiment of the present invention whereknowledge is obtained of how the sensors relate to each other.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION Definitions

As used herein, the term engine refers to software, firmware, hardware,or other component that can be used to effectuate a purpose. The enginewill typically include software instructions that are stored innon-volatile memory (also referred to as secondary memory) and aprocessor with instructions to execute the software. When the softwareinstructions are executed, at least a subset of the softwareinstructions can be loaded into memory (also referred to as primarymemory) by a processor. The processor then executes the softwareinstructions in memory. The processor may be a shared processor, adedicated processor, or a combination of shared or dedicated processors.A typical platform will include calls to hardware components (such asI/O devices), which typically requires the execution of drivers. Thedrivers may or may not be considered part of the engine, but thedistinction is not critical. As used herein, the term database is usedbroadly to include any known or convenient means for storing data,whether centralized or distributed, relational or otherwise.

As used herein a mobile devices include, but are not limited to, a cellphone, such as Apple's iPhone®, other portable electronic devices, suchas Apple's iPod Touches®, Apple's iPads®, and mobile devices based onGoogle's Android® operating system, and any other portable electronicdevice that includes software, firmware, hardware, or a combinationthereof that is capable of at least receiving a wireless signal,decoding if needed, and exchanging information with a server to send andreceive cultural information data including survey data. Typicalcomponents of mobile devices may include but are not limited topersistent memories like flash ROM, random access memory like SRAM, acamera, a battery. LCD driver, a display, a cellular antenna, a speaker,a BLUETOOTH® circuit, and WIFI circuitry, where the persistent memorymay contain platforms, applications, and/or an operating system for themobile devices.

As used herein, the term “computing device” is a general purpose devicethat can be platformed to carry out a finite set of arithmetic orlogical operations. Since a sequence of operations can be readilychanged, the computer can solve more than one kind of problem. Acomputer can include of at least one processing element, typically acentral processing unit (CPU) and some form of memory. The processingelement carries out arithmetic and logic operations, and a sequencingand control unit that can change the order of operations based on storedinformation. Peripheral devices allow information to be retrieved froman external source, and the result of operations saved and retrieved.Computer also includes a graphic display medium.

As used herein, the term “Internet” is a global system of interconnectedcomputer networks that use the standard Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP)to serve billions of building occupants worldwide. It is a network ofnetworks that consists of millions of private, public, academic,business, and government networks, of local to global scope, that arelinked by a broad array of electronic, wireless and optical networkingtechnologies. The Internet carries an extensive range of informationresources and services, such as the inter-linked hypertext documents ofthe World Wide Web (WWW) and the infrastructure to support email. Thecommunications infrastructure of the Internet consists of its hardwarecomponents and a system of software layers that control various aspectsof the architecture.

As used herein, the term “extranet” is a computer network that allowscontrolled access from the outside. An extranet can be an extension ofan organization's intranet that is extended to building occupantsoutside the organization in isolation from all other Internet buildingoccupants. An extranet can be an intranet mapped onto the publicInternet or some other transmission system not accessible to the generalpublic, but managed by more than one company's administrator(s).Examples of extranet-style networks include but are not limited to: LANsor WANs belonging to multiple organizations and interconnected andaccessed using remote dial-up LANs or WANs belonging to multipleorganizations and interconnected and accessed using dedicated linesVirtual private network (VPN) that is comprised of LANs or WANsbelonging to multiple organizations, and that extends usage to remotebuilding occupants using special “tunneling” software that creates asecure, usually encrypted network connection over public lines,sometimes via an ISP.

As used herein, the term “Intranet” is a network that is owned by asingle organization that controls its security policies and networkmanagement. Examples of intranets include but are not limited to: A LANA Wide-area network (WAN) that is comprised of a LAN that extends usageto remote employees with dial-up access A WAN that is comprised ofinterconnected LANs using dedicated communication lines A Virtualprivate network (VPN) that is comprised of a LAN or WAN that extendsusage to remote employees or networks using special “tunneling” softwarethat creates a secure, usually encrypted connection over public lines,sometimes via an Internet Service Provider (ISP). For purposes of thepresent invention, the Internet, extranets and intranets collectivelyare referred to as (“Network Systems”).

As used herein “load management” is defined as the process of balancingthe supply of electricity with an electrical load by adjusting orcontrolling the load rather than the power station output. As usedherein an electrical load is an electrical component or portion of acircuit that consumes electric power. This is opposed to a power source,such as a battery or generator, which produces power. In electric powercircuits examples of loads are appliances and lights. The term may alsorefer to the power consumed by a circuit. Electrical load includes asystem or device connected to a signal source, whether or not itconsumes power. If an electric circuit has an output port, a pair ofterminals that produces an electrical signal, the circuit connected tothis terminal (or its input impedance) is the load. An electrical loadcan affect the performance of circuits with respect to output voltagesor currents, such as in sensors, voltage sources, and amplifiers.

As used herein a “building” is anything built or constructed includingbut not limited to a structure that is a relatively permanently enclosedconstruction over a plot of land, having a roof and usually windows.Examples of buildings include but are not limited to: agriculturalbuildings, commercial buildings, residential buildings, medicalbuildings, educational buildings, government buildings, industrialbuildings, military buildings, parking structures and storage, religiousbuildings, transport buildings, and the like.

As used herein “integrated” means composed to form a complete orcoordinated entity that can be combined, coupled to, coordinating,separate elements coupled to each other and the like.

As used herein “machine learning” is artificial intelligence andrelating to construction and studies of systems that can learn fromdata. Machine learning can give computation devices including but notlimited to computers with an ability to learn without being explicitlyplatformed. And can evolve from pattern recognition and computationallearning theory in artificial intelligence. As a non-limiting examplemachine learning explores the study and construction of algorithms thatcan learn from and make predictions on data. As a non-limiting examplethese algorithms can overcome following strictly static platforminstructions by making data-driven predictions or decisions and canbuild a model from sample inputs. Platforms include computationalstatistics, as well as mathematical optimization. Machine learning canbe unsupervised and be used to learn and establish baseline behavioralprofiles for various entities and then used to find meaningfulanomalies. For purposes of the present invention machine learningcollectively is called “machine intelligence

As used herein “local installed platform” means” a software platformthat can be a local installed platform is software that works incombination with the hardware. In one embodiment the local installedplatform is in communication with raw data that can be received from asensor, a command input or data input to generate device behaviors. Asnon-limiting examples the device behaviors can be commands and/or dataoutputs.

Referring to FIG. 1 in one embodiment a building adaptive control system10 for a building, (hereafter system “10”) is provided for controlling afirst switch terminal 12 or equivalent of a building 25 occupied by oneor more building occupants. As used herein switch terminal or equivalentincludes both the switch terminal 12 or equivalent includes switchterminal system, hereafter collectively called (“switch terminal 12 orequivalent”). The system 10 includes a plurality of switch terminalparameters relative to the building 25. A first computer system 14 iscoupled to the first switch terminal 12 or equivalent of the building 25at a first location of the building 25. The first computer system 14runs on at least one platform. A first plurality of sensors 15 arecoupled to the first switch terminal 12 or equivalent and the firstcomputer system 14. At least a portion of the sensors 15 provide signaldata to the first computer system 14. The first computer system 14produces a command or data output that relates to at least one of: acommand output for a local control system, a command output for adifferent system, a data output for a different system, a command outputfor a non-local device or a data output that is a non-local device, eachof an output including learned data from that is based on a machineintelligence from previous data collected about patterns of a buildingoccupant.

In various embodiments, switch terminal 12 or equivalent is configuredto provide one or more platforms for an occupant of a building 25 usingmachine learning relative to a switch terminal 12 or equivalent inresponse to an activity or a behavior of a building occupant or acharacteristic of the building itself. (Collectively a “buildingoccupant switch terminal parameter”.

In one embodiment an intelligent lighting system 10 is provided. In oneembodiment the lighting system 10 includes a first switch terminal 12 orequivalent, or a device that can provide communication between differentcomponents of system 10 (hereafter an “equivalent”), As a non-limitingexample the building 25 is occupied by one or more building occupants.In one embodiment the system 10 includes a plurality of switch terminal12 or equivalent parameters relative to the building. In one embodimenta first computer system 14 is coupled to the first switch terminal 12 orequivalent of the building 25 at a first location of the building 25. Asa non-limiting example the first computer system 14 with one or moresoftware platforms, hereafter platform, that runs on a computer system14. System 10 is the first or local system, and it can be coupled to oneor more non-local or third party systems 10.

In one embodiment a first plurality of sensors (collectively 15) arecoupled to the first switch terminal 12 or equivalent and the firstcomputer system 14. All or a portion of the sensors 15 can be internalor external to switch terminal 12 or equivalent. As a non-limitingexample each or a portion of the sensors 15 is configured to providesignal data to the first computer system 14. As a non-limiting examplesuitable sensors 15 including but not limited to IR sensors; imagesensors; ambient light sensors; microphones; proximity sensors; RGBsensors; humidity sensors; temperature sensors; carbon monoxide sensors;radar based sensors; laser measuring sensors: RF sensors;accelerometers) and the like;

The first computer system 14 produces a command or data output thatrelates to at least one of: a command output for a local control system16, a command output for a different control system, also 16, which canbe included in system 10 or second system 10, a data output for a secondsystem 10, a command output for a non-local device 18 that is notincluded in system 10, and a data output that is for a non-local device18. In one embodiment each or at least a portion of an output includeslearned data from that is based on machine intelligence from previousdata collected about patterns of a building occupant and the buildingitself.

In one embodiment device 18 is a hardware or software component. Device18 can be a local device 18 at the first system 10 or a non-local device18 that is external to first system 10 and can be included in a secondsystem (third party system), also referred to as system 10. In oneembodiment second system 10 is in communication with system 10, or atleast a portion of second system 10 is in communication with system 10.

In one embodiment a device 18 is a physical or software element thatprovides for communication and interaction in system 10. As anon-limiting example devices include but are not limited to: gateways,routers, network bridges, modems, wireless access points, networkingcables, line drivers, switches, hubs, and repeaters; and may alsoinclude hybrid network devices such as multilayer switches, protocolconverters, bridge routers, proxy servers, firewalls, network addresstranslators, multiplexers, network interface controllers, wirelessnetwork interface controllers, ISDN terminal adapters, other relatedhardware and the like.

In one embodiment at least one interface 20, FIG. 4, is coupled to thefirst switch terminal 12 or equivalent and the first computer system 14is configured to receive a command input. In one embodiment, at leastone building occupant interface 20, hereafter interface 20, is a pointof interaction between a computer system 14 and humans. In oneembodiment interface 20 includes any number of modalities of interaction(such as graphics, sound, position, movement, etc.) where data or otherinformation is transferred between the building occupant and computersystem 14. As non-limiting examples an interface 20 includes but it notlimited to: at least one of: a touch interface, a voice interface, acommunication interface 20, a wireless interface 20, a wireless radiointerface 20 and the like.

As a non-limiting example the building occupant enters a change in aswitch terminal 12 or equivalent parameter using the at least oneinterface 20. In one embodiment the first switch terminal 12 orequivalent is configured to receive from a second switch terminal 12 orequivalent a data output that is used to create a command output thatrelates to the first switch terminal 12 or equivalent or a non-localdevice 18.

In one embodiment the signal data is raw signal data. In one embodimentat least a portion of the sensors 15 receive raw sensor data.

As a non-limiting example the building occupant is a person who hasaccess rights to the building 25. In one embodiment the buildingoccupant does not occupy the building 25 at all times of a selected timeperiod. In one embodiment the building occupant enters and exits thebuilding 25.

In one embodiment a command is an instruction for a specific device 18to take an action.

As a non-limiting example the specific device 18 is the switch terminal12 or equivalent.

As non-limiting examples the command is provided from at least one of: amobile device 23, a cloud system 21, an input to the specific device 18and the like. In one embodiment the command is provided by using a touchscreen, also referred to as 20, of a switch terminal 12 or equivalentthat serves as a means for input of data, a command and the like.

In one embodiment the command is provided by the building occupant.

In one embodiment a data input is provided to at least a portion of thesensors 15.

As non-limiting examples the data input is selected from at least oneof: a processed sensor input from another device 18 that is relevant tothe system 10 In one embodiment, another device 18 can be included insystem 10, second system 10, and the like. As non-limiting examples datacan come from another device 18, which can be from system 10 or aseparate system 10. Input can be entered through at least one: abuilding occupant's voice, a touch screen display, a touch sensor, aphysical mechanism, components used to connect computers or otherelectronic devices together so that they can share files or resources,and the like.

In one embodiment an intelligent lighting system 10 is provided. In oneembodiment the intelligent lighting system 10 controls a first switchterminal 12 or equivalent of a building 25 occupied by one or morebuilding occupants. In one embodiment the system 10 includes a pluralityof switch terminal 12 or equivalent parameters relative to the building25. In one embodiment a first computer system 14 is coupled to the firstswitch terminal 12 or equivalent of the building at a first location ofthe building. As a non-limiting example the first computer system 14runs on at least one platform.

In one embodiment a first plurality of sensors 15 are coupled to thefirst switch terminal 12 or equivalent and the first computer system 14.As a non-limiting example each or a portion of the sensors 15 isconfigured to provide signal data to the first computer system 14. Thefirst computer system 14 produces a command or data output that relatesto at least one of: a command output for a local device 18, a commandoutput from a third party system 10, a command output for a non-localdevice 18 and a data output that is a non-local device 18. In oneembodiment each or at least a portion of an output includes learned datafrom that is based on machine intelligence from previous data collectedabout patterns of a building occupant.

As a non-limiting example the building occupant enters a change in aswitch terminal 12 or equivalent parameter using the at least oneinterface 20. In one embodiment the first switch terminal 12 orequivalent is configured to receive from a second switch terminal 12 orequivalent a data output that is used to create a command output thatrelates to the first switch terminal 12 or equivalent or a non-localdevice.

In one embodiment the signal data is raw signal data. In one embodimentat least a portion of the sensors receive raw sensor data.

As a non-limiting example the building occupant is a person who hasaccess rights to the building 25. In one embodiment the buildingoccupant does not occupy the building 25 at all times of a selected timeperiod. In one embodiment the building occupant enters and exits thebuilding 25.

In one embodiment a command is an instruction for a specific device 18to take an action. As a non-limiting example the specific device 18 isthe switch terminal 12 or equivalent.

As non-limiting examples the command is provided from at least one of: amobile device, a cloud system 21, a third party system, or an input tothe specific device

In one embodiment the command is provided using a touch screen of aswitch terminal 12 or equivalent interface 20.

In one embodiment the command is provided by the building occupant.

In one embodiment a data input is provided to at least a portion of thesensors 15.

As non-limiting examples the data input is selected from at least oneof: a processed sensor input from another device 18 that is relevant tothe system 10, a third party system 10 in communication with the firstsystem 10, and the like.

As non-limiting examples the data input is selected from at least one ofthe following: a processed sensor 15 input from another device 18 thatis within the local system 10; a processed sensor 15 input from anotherdevice 18 that is part of a separate system 10 (third party system), aprocesses sensor 15 input from another device 18 that may be relevant tosystem 10, a third party system 10 in communication with the firstsystem 10, and the like. As non-limiting examples switch terminals 12can include: switch terminals 12; electrical outlets; light sources,lamps; thermostats; cameras; smoke detectors; door locks; smarttelevisions; set top boxes; routers; wireless access points; mobiledevices and the like, (hereafter collectively “switch terminals 12”.

As non-limiting examples the output command is to the switch terminal 12or equivalent. In one embodiment the output command is to a system 10device 18 other than the switch terminal 12 or equivalent.

In one embodiment the output command is provided to the second system10.

As non-limiting examples the data input can be any data and can includesat least one of: a building occupant's presence or use in a room; alight level; system information relative to a switch terminal 12 orequivalent. As non-limiting examples the data input can be any data andcan include at least one of: a measurement; a classification; adetermination based on logic; an announcement with regard to any aspectof a state being held, and the like.

As non-limiting examples the data input can be any data that can relateto at least one of: the environmental conditions of an area inside orproximate to a building 25; the number and identity of occupants insideor proximate to the building 25; the activities of building occupants;the performance and state of the electrical system of a building; theperformance and state of any power supply connected to the building 25;the functions of any system within the building 25 and the like.

In another embodiment the intelligent lighting system controls at leasttwo switch terminals 12 of the building 25 occupied by one or morebuilding occupants and the system including a plurality of switchterminal 12 or equivalent parameters relative to the building 25. Afirst computer system 14 coupled to a first switch terminal 12 orequivalent of the building 25 at a first location of the building 25,the first computer system 14 running on at least one platform. A secondcomputer system 14 is coupled to a second switch terminal 12 orequivalent of the building 25 at a second location of the building 25.In one embodiment the second computer system 14 runs on at least oneplatform. In another embodiment the second computer system 14 runs on adifferent platform. The first and second computer systems 14 are incommunication with each other. A first plurality of sensors is coupledto the first switch terminal 12 or equivalent and the first computersystem 14 and a second plurality of sensors is coupled to the secondswitch terminal 12 or equivalent and the second computer system 14. Eachof a sensor 15 is configured to provide signal data to the first orsecond computer systems 14 respectively. Each of the first and secondcomputer systems 14 produces a command or data output that relates to atleast one of: a command output for a local control system 16, a commandoutput for a different system, a data output for a different system, acommand output for a non-local device 18 or a data output that is anon-local device. Each of an output includes learned data from that isbased on machine intelligence from previous data collected aboutpatterns of a building occupant.

In one embodiment at least one interface 20 is coupled to the secondswitch terminal 12 or equivalent and the second computer system 14 isconfigured to receive a command input.

In one embodiment the first switch terminal 12 or equivalent and secondswitch terminal 12 or equivalent are configured to receive from eachother a data output that is used to create a command output that relatesto the first switch terminal 12 or equivalent, the second switchterminal 12 or equivalent or a non-local device.

In one embodiment the specific device 18 is the first or second switchterminal 12 or equivalent.

In one embodiment the output command is to at least one of the first andswitch terminal 12 or equivalent interfaces 20.

In one embodiment the output command is to a system device 18 other thanthe first or second switch terminal 12 or equivalent.

In one embodiment, the system 10 is provided for one or more rooms, aswell as non-rooms such as hallways and the like, in a building 25 thatincludes one or more load controlling device 18 each coupled with acomputing device 14. In one embodiment computing device 14 is integratedwith a load controlling device 18. In one embodiment switch terminal 12or equivalent are provided. In one embodiment system 10 that allows fora range of functions to be achieved via an interaction with the one ormore of the following: controlled loads, first party devices 18including among others additional switch terminal 12, mobile phones 23with first party applications running on them, a third party cloud 21,as illustrated in FIG. 1, the first party's back end instead of cloud21, third party devices 18 or services, mobile devices 23 and the like.

In various embodiments databases 27 relative to a building occupantswitch terminal parameter are provided. There can be multiple databases27 across devices 18 in system 10, associated with one or more terminalswitches, in the cloud 21, at a switch terminal backend, and the like.In one embodiment the one or more databases 27 includes a receivingdevice that includes a database of building occupant switch terminalparameters. The database receives information from the sensors 15 Atleast a portion of the building occupant switch terminal parameters areprocessed. In one embodiment the sensors 15 provide information relatingto the building occupant switch terminal parameter that is stored in thedatabase 27. In one embodiment the sensors 15 wirelessly communicate viaat least one communication route with a server that is in communicationwith the database 27. In one embodiment a building occupant switchterminal parameter classification system is used. The server uses one ormore processors to process the building occupant switch terminalparameter information from the sensors 15.

As non-limiting examples switch terminal parameters include but are notlimited to: electrical performance of different electrical loadscontrolled by the system 10 for optimal dimming performance; themonitoring of the health of the electrical loads; the preferred lightinglevels of occupants throughout the day and year; the activity patternsof building occupants; how building occupants prefer their lightingbased on different activity patterns; how natural light impactsdifferent rooms within a building; when people go to sleep; how manypeople regularly occupy a building; the individual preferences that areheld by different people who regularly occupy the building; generalizedpersonas that represent people that regularly occupy the building; thedistinct voice characteristics of different individuals inside thebuilding; the common patterns of usage of different internal areas ofthe building 25, persona identification; space mapping; lightingpersonas that are portable; switch(es) only features or switch(es) pluscloud; calls; intercom; load control calibration; electrical loadmonitory; hearing impaired features; WiFi repeating; third partyactivities such as guest mode; reporting on energy savings; eco mode;direct connection to a device 18; advertising based on the data; mobileapp interacting; switch setup; mobile devices 23 setup; mobile devices23 calibration; intelligent grouping; mobile devices 23 ordering ofswitches by distance in the app; method for opportunisticallytransferring data and platform via phone including but not limited to amobile devices 23; snapshot feature; applications on a switch by afirst, second, third party and the like; selectably managed; selectablyinstalled or deleted; applications on the switch 12 by back-end 17and/or cloud 21 a first, and the like; selectably installed or deleted;other devices/services interacting with the switch 12, including but notlimited to building 25 wake up; other devices/services and the like;coordination with light sources to deliver a desired light spectrum; andthe like.

In one embodiment system 10 uses platforms that are used by system 10 tobuild adaptive control systems 10 by using building occupant switchterminal parameters.

As non-limiting examples, platform algorithms include but are notlimited to: NIB, Linear Regression. Logistic Regression, Decision Tree,SVM. Naïve, Bayes, KNNK-Means, Random Forest. Dimensionality Reduction,Algorithms Gradient Boost & Ad boost, and Linear Regression.

System 10 can include switch terminal 12 or equivalent, other firstparty devices 18 including additional switch terminals 12 or equivalent,mobile devices 23 in communication with system 10, first party or thirdparty applications, Network Systems 25, a router 24, one or more bridge26. In various embodiments, system 10 provides a load controlling device18 or system 22 included with a computing device 14 that can beintegrated with load controlling device 18 to create a switch terminaldevice 12 or system 12. The switch terminal 12 or equivalent can includea power source, an electrical circuit 28, at least one electrical loadin addition to the switch terminal 12 or equivalent. As a non-limitingexample bridge 24 can provide any number of different types ofcommunication including but not limited to, Bluetooth, Bluetooth LowEnergy BLE and sub-GHz band; local and distributed protocols forestablishing a communication system RF, WiFi. and the like as more fullydiscussed hereafter.

In one embodiment system 10 is coupled to a third party system 10, thirdparty devices 18 or services accessible via the Network Systems 25, oneor more mobile devices 23, and the like.

As illustrated in FIG. 2 in one embodiment the switch terminal 12 orequivalent includes wiring components 30 that are coupled to existingcircuitry wiring 31, a power management system 32 and computing device14. In other embodiment additional devices 18 can be included.

As illustrated in FIG. 3 in one embodiment power management system 32can include a Micro Controller Unit MCU 34, a form of local energystorage 38, a load control system 22, which can be dynamic, one or morelocally executable platforms located on the included MCU 34 and anelectrical circuit characteristic measurement system 32. In oneembodiment the integrated computing device 14 includes the MCU 34, amemory system 42 for persistent storage 44, a set of locally executableplatforms located MCU 34 and provided by backend 17, cloud 21 and/or anetwork connectivity platform 46.

As illustrated in FIG. 4 in one embodiment the integrated computingdevice 14 includes one or more of: one or more building occupantinterface 20 elements including but not limited visual displays 48,touchscrecn 50. LEDs 52, speakers 54, tactile buttons 56, voicerecognition interfaces 58 and haptic engines 60, one or more sensors 15and the like. In one embodiment one or more additional processorcomponents 62 are provided including but not limited to CPUs, GPUs, andDSPs; one or more additional platforms provided by backend 17 and/orcloud 21 and loaded locally onto the computing device 14 for localexecution to achieve additional functionality including but not limitedto, matching learning, lighting related objectives, one or morenetworking technologies including but not limited to Wifi, Bluetooth,BLE and sub-GHz band; local and distributed protocols for establishing acommunication system or method 64 between first and third party devices18 or services with each other. As a non-limiting example a mesh network64 can be used.

As illustrated in FIG. 5 in one embodiment one or more integratedcomputing devices 14 optionally communicate with one another whenpresent over one or more mesh networks 64. In one embodiment the meshnetwork 64 can be created over WiFi, sub-GHz, we well as any type ofsystem or method 64 that allows communication between first and thirdparty devices 18 or services with each other, and the like As Anon-limiting example mesh network 64 allows a range of different messagetypes to be transferred between individual computing devices 14including but not limited to messages that can include data or commandinputs for devices 18 other than the device 18 transmitting it.

In one embodiment system 10 uses one or more platforms. In oneembodiment a network-transmission-based (NTB) algorithm is utilized.

In one embodiment of the power management system 38, when power isdetected on the electrical circuit 28, the included MCU 34, the localsinstalled on that MCU 34, and the lighting circuit measurement system 50can combine to identify, if present, the types of electrical lightingloads, other than the switch terminal 12 or equivalent, that are presenton that circuit to allow for differential treatment of those loads.

In one embodiment of the power management system 38, when power isdetected on the electrical circuit 28, the included MCU 34, the one ormore platforms 14 installed on that MCU 34, and the lighting circuitmeasurement system 50 can combine to identify, if present, the specificmodels of electrical lighting loads that are present on that circuit bymatching their observed characteristics and matching them to previouslyrecorded fingerprints for other units of the same model to allow fordifferential treatment of those loads.

In one embodiment a load characterization algorithm is utilized incombination with memory by assessing the manner by which an attachedload consumes power from a controlled circuit. As a non-limiting examplethis can be achieved by executing a calibration procedure that uses asequence of opening and closing the circuit to measure and asseselectrical characteristics including but not limited to the circuit'spower factor, real and apparent power usage, the amount of current thatis necessary to generate resistance in the circuit, the timing ofin-rush current phases. Once the nature of the characteristics isdetermined the system can classify an attached load and appropriatelycontrol its power. In one embodiment this may or may not result in theenablement of dimming features for the load. If dimming features areenabled then further characterization of the dimming properties of thecircuit is completed to provide an automatic configuration of thecircuit for the computing device 18 to use in controlling the load andlimiting need to require the building occupant to configure the systemdirectly.

In one embodiment power management system 38 identifies the types ofelectrical lighting loads present.

In one embodiment of the power management system 38, after identifyingthe types of electrical lighting loads present. As a non-limitingexample MCU 34, the one or more platforms 14 installed on that MCU 34,and the dynamic load control system 16 can combine with instructionsreceived from another source including but not limited to a buildingoccupant of the system, a networked device 18 or a cloud service tooptimally limit the power flowing through the electrical circuit 28 tothe loads to among other functions allow for the widest range of dimmingfor those electrical lighting loads, to ensure that the loads are notcompromised by inappropriate current on the line, to eliminateflickering for the electrical lighting loads by appropriately cuttingthe electrical sine-wave, and identify when loads have failed.

In one embodiment of the power management system 38, the included MCU34, the one or more platforms installed on that MCU 34, and the dynamicload control system 16 can combine with the integrated computing device14 to monitor the health of the loads attached to the electrical circuit28. If this monitoring results in a determination either by the powermanagement system 32 or the integrated computing device 14, or acombination of those two elements that one or more of the electricallighting loads has failed or is likely to fail, than a notification canbe sent via the network connectivity platform 46 to a building occupantthat can take some action based on this information.

In one embodiment of the power management system 38, the included MCU34, the one or more platforms installed on that MCU 34, the dynamic loadcontrol system 16 and the energy storage 38 can combine to ensure incases where there is a neutral wire available for connecting in theelectrical circuit 28, that (a) the switch terminal 12 or equivalentincluding both the power management system 32 and the integratedcomputing device 14 maintains sufficient power to operate when theelectrical circuit 28 is closed and the electrical loads are powered.(b) that the switch terminal 12 or equivalent maintains sufficient powerto operate when the electrical circuit 28 is open and the electricalloads are unpowered and (c) the switch terminal 12 or equivalentmaintains sufficient power to operate when there is now power at all inthe electrical circuit 28.

In one embodiment of the power management system 32, the included MCU34, the one or more platforms installed on that MCU 34, the dynamic loadcontrol system 22 and the energy storage 38 can combine to ensure incases where there is not a neutral wire available for connecting in theelectrical circuit 28, that (a) the switch terminal 12 or equivalentincluding both the power management system 32 and the integratedcomputing device 14 maintains sufficient power to operate when theelectrical circuit 28 is closed and the electrical loads are powered.(b) that the switch terminal 12 or equivalent maintains sufficient powerto operate when the electrical circuit 28 is open and the electricalloads are unpowered and (c) the switch terminal 12 or equivalentmaintains sufficient power to operate when there is now power at all inthe electrical circuit 28.

In one embodiment of the power management system 32, when powerfluctuates on the electrical circuit 28, creating what is sometimescalled dirty loads, one or more of the included MCU 34, the one or moreplatforms installed on that MCU 34, the dynamic load control system 16and the lighting circuit measurement system 66 can combine to smooth outthe variability in the electrical frequency coming from the source todeliver a more stable frequency to the electrical loads. In oneembodiment this operation can thus eliminate or greatly reduce thevisible flickering of electrical lighting loads visible to buildingoccupants/humans.

In one embodiment one or more sensors 15 is utilized to determinewhether there is occupancy or activity in the room, or any other area ofbuilding 25, based on the sensors 15 specific methodology. When areading is registered on the sensor 15, that singular input is combinedwith the one or more platforms installed on the device 18 to make adetermination of whether the perceived signal qualifies as a presenceevent. This event and its characterization can then be immediately usedby other platforms installed on the integrated computing device 14 forvarious purposes related to the inventions operation.

In one embodiment the integrated computing device 14 can additionallyinclude two or more one sensor 15. These are utilized to determinewhether there is occupancy or activity in the room based on themultitude sensors specific methodologies. In one embodiment when areading is registered one at least one of the sensors 15, the readingsfor all included sensors 15 can be individually evaluated and thenmerged to create a unified data signal representing all of the sensors15 in use. This multi-modal input is combined with the one or moreplatforms installed on the device 18 to make a determination of whetherthe perceived signal qualifies as a presence event. This event and itscharacterization can then be immediately used by other platformsinstalled on the integrated computing device 14 for various purposesrelated to the inventions operation.

In one embodiment the integrated computing device 14 can additionallyinclude and at least one sensor 15. These are utilized to determinewhether there is occupancy or activity in the room based on the sensors15 specific methodology. When a reading is registered on the sensor 15,that singular input is combined with the one or more platforms installedon the device 18 to make a determination of whether the perceived signalqualifies as a presence event.

As a non-limiting example, this event, it's characterization and the rawdata recorded from the sensor or sensors 15 relating to that event canthen be saved to the storage system 54 so that it can be utilized laterby the locally installed platforms, or transferred via Network Systems15 to other similar first party devices 18, to mobile devices 23, tocloud 21, to third party devices 18 or services accessible via Networkand the like.

In one embodiment the integrated computing device 18 can additionallyinclude two or more sensors 15, which can be internal or external tocomputing device 14. These are utilized to determine whether there isoccupancy or activity in the room based on the multitude sensors 15specific methodologies as more fully explained hereafter.

When a reading is registered with at least one of the sensors 15, thereadings for all included sensors 15 can be evaluated and then merged tocreate a unified data signal representing all of the sensors 15 in use.This multi-modal input is combined with the one or more platformsinstalled on the device 18 to make a determination of whether theperceived signal qualifies as a presence event.

This event, it's characterization and the raw data recorded from thesensors 15 relating to that event can then be saved to the storagesystem 54 so that it can be utilized later the locally installedplatforms, or transferred via a network connectivity method 58 to othersimilar first party devices 18, to mobile devices 23, to cloud system21, to first party's back-end, to third party devices 18 or servicesaccessible via Network Systems.

In one embodiment the integrated computing device 14 can additionallyinclude and at least one sensor 15. These are utilized to determinewhether there is an absence of occupancy or activity in the room basedon the sensors 15 specific methodology. When a reading is registered onthe sensor 15, that singular input is combined with the one or moreplatforms installed on the device 18 to make a determination of whetherthe perceived signal qualifies as an absence of presence event. Thisevent and its characterization can then be immediately used by otherplatforms installed on the integrated computing device 14 for variouspurposes related to the system 10 operation.

In one embodiment the integrated computing device 14 can additionallyinclude two or more sensors 15. These are utilized to determine whetherthere is an absence of occupancy or activity in the room based on themultitude sensors 15 specific methodologies. When a reading isregistered one at least one of the sensors 15, the readings for all or aportion of the sensors 15, which may be at switch terminal 12 orequivalent or external to switch terminal, are individually evaluatedand then merged to create a unified data signal representing all thereadings from the all or portion of the sensors 15 that have been used.

This multi-modal input is combined with the one or more platformsinstalled on the device 18 to make a determination of whether theperceived signal qualifies as an absence of presence event, this eventand its characterization can then be immediately used by other platformsinstalled on the integrated computing device 14 for various purposesrelated to switch terminal 12 operation, building occupant switchterminal parameters

In one embodiment the integrated computing device 14 can additionallyinclude and at least one sensor 15. These are utilized to determinewhether there is an absence of occupancy or activity in the room basedon the sensors 15 specific methodology.

As a non-limiting example when a reading is registered on the sensor 15,that singular input is combined with the one or more platforms installedon the device 18 to make a determination of whether the perceived signalqualifies as an absence of presence event. This event, it'scharacterization and the raw data recorded from the sensor or sensors 15relating to that event can then saved to the storage system 54 so thatit can be utilized later the locally installed platforms, or transferredvia a network connectivity method 58 to other similar first partydevices 14, to mobile devices 23, to first party back-end, cloud 21,third party devices 18 via the Network Systems.

In one embodiment the integrated computing device 14 can additionallyinclude two or more sensors 15. As a non-limiting example these can beused to determine whether there is an absence of occupancy or activityof a building occupant in the room or any portion of building 25 basedon the multitude sensors 15 specific methodologies. When a reading isregistered one at least one of the sensors 15, the readings for allincluded sensors 15 is individually evaluated and then merged to createa unified data signal representing all of the sensors 15 in use. Thismulti-modal input is combined with the one or more platforms installedon the device 18 to make a determination of whether the perceived signalqualifies as an absence of presence event.

This event, it's characterization and the raw data recorded from thesensors 15 relating to that event can then be saved to the storagesystem 44 so that it can be utilized later the locally installedplatforms, or transferred via a network connectivity method to cloudsystem 21, backend 17 to mobile devices 23, to first party controlledcloud service 20, to third party controlled cloud services 22,accessible via the Network Systems 25.

In one embodiment the integrated computing device 14, in combinationeither the one or more platforms installed on the device 18 or anyplatforms or platforms available on one or a combination of othersimilar first party devices 18, mobile devices 23, first partycontrolled cloud services 17, devices 18 and the like accessible via theNetwork Systems 25 that communicate with a single integrated computingdevice 14 via a network connectivity method, can dynamically adjust theavailable characteristics for a sensor 15 or group of sensors 15 tomodify the combinations determination of whether presence and activityevents or the absence of presence and activity are observed.

In one embodiment, the switch terminal 12 or equivalent can use one ormore sensors 15 to scan a three dimensional space of building 15. Theswitch terminal 12 or equivalent can combine signals from the sensor orsensors 15 with local installed platforms to make determinations as tothe existence or absence of presence or activity in that space,determine the nature or characteristics of the presence or activity inthat space by a building occupant and independently decide how to alterits function based on that determination.

In one embodiment, the switch terminal 12 or equivalent can utilize itsability to scan a three dimensional space and determine the existence orabsence of presence of activity in that space to independently decidehow to control an electrical lighting circuit 14. The dimensions of howthe switch terminal 12 or equivalent controls the circuit 16, includingbut not limited to a light circuit 16, can thus be a result of itsinterpretation of a multitude of signals and other contextual factors tocreate an control system living experience, which can be as anon-limiting example an adaptive control system experience, thatprovides for the, local determination of lighting states based on whatis specifically happening in a three dimensional space observed by aparticular switch terminal 12 or equivalent.

In one embodiment, the switch terminal 12 or equivalent may have morethan one local installed platforms executing simultaneously on itsintegrated computing device 14 that each are independently assessing asingle signal from a sensor 15 or a multitude of signals from more thanone sensor 15 to the end of each making their own independent decisionabout how the lighting environment as controlled by the electricalcircuit 28 to which that switch terminal 12 or equivalent is attachedshould adapt to meet a predetermined state based on their independentassessments as to the existence or absence of presence or activity,including but not limited to that of a building occupant, in a space ofbuilding 25, or the nature of the existence or absence of presence oractivity in that space.

When more than one platforms attempt to change the state of the switchterminal 12 or equivalent control of the electrical lighting circuit 14,another third local installed platform will be executed to determinewhich of the platforms may control the state of the switch terminal 12or equivalent circuit control. This central lighting decision engine 66can assess a range of attributes included in a platforms attempt tochange the state of the power management system 38, the means by which aswitch terminal 12 or equivalent controls the electrical lightingcircuit 14 to which it is attached, and determine how the attemptsshould be applied to the power management system 38.

In one embodiment, the switch terminal 12 or equivalent, while observinga three dimensional space of building 25, may have one or more localinstalled platforms determine that their local interpretation of thesignals collected via one or more sensors 15 suggest the existence ofpresence or activity in that space that when combined with the logic intheir respective platforms result in one or more of the platformsinitiating a command to change the state of the power management system38 to allow for at least some electricity to reach to loads attached tothe electrical lighting circuit 28. In some instances the command issuedby one or more of these platforms may be to allow more electricity intothe circuit or to allow less electricity. In all instances, thesecommands are assessed by the central light decision engine 66 andexecuted or not based on the determination of that one or moreplatforms.

In one embodiment, the switch terminal 12 or equivalent, while observinga three dimensional space, may have one or more local installedplatforms determine that their local interpretation of the signalscollected via one or more sensors 15 suggest the absence of presence oractivity in that space that when combined with the logic in theirrespective platforms result in one or more of the platforms initiating acommand to change the state of the power management system 38 to allowfor no electricity to reach to loads attached to the electrical circuit28. In some instances the command issued by one or more of theseplatforms may be first allow more or less electricity into the circuitbut it ultimately request that not electricity be allowed to powerloads. In all instances, these commands are assessed by the centrallight decision engine 66 and executed or not based on the determinationof that one or more platforms, as illustrated in FIG. 6.

In one embodiment, when it includes an ambient light sensing device 18as one of its sensors 15, the switch terminal 12 or equivalent canassess the illuminance of the three dimensional space or building 25 itobserves. In certain cases, the local installed platforms, can interpretthe signal from this ambient light sensing device 18 and use thatmeasurement to alter the switch terminal 12 or equivalent operation.Local installed platforms can use the ambient light measurement totrigger certain actions within their own platform or initiate otherlocal installed platforms. These one or more platforms 14 can also issuecommands to change the power management system's 38 state that instructsthat system 10 to change its control of the electrical lighting circuit14 until a specific value is attained from the attached ambient lightsensing device.

In one embodiment, when it includes an ambient light sensing device 18as one of its sensors 15, the switch terminal 12 or equivalent canemploy any system 10 local platforms for determining whether there is anexistence or absence of presence or activity of a building occupant andthe nature of that circumstances combined with an ambient light sensorto maintain a state of constant lighting level in a space (constantilluminance), or at least attempt to reach a state closest to thedesired levels by assessing changes in ambient light conditions via asensor 15, interpreting those changes via one or more platforms and thenadjusting the state of the power management system 38 to vary the amountof power reaching the electrical lighting loads. The platformmaintaining the constant illuminance provided by the switch terminal 12or equivalent may attempt to maintain the exact amount of lightoriginally created, or it might navigate to other lighting levels basedon certain instructions from other platforms executing on the device 18.

In one embodiment, when it includes an ambient light sensing device 18as one of its sensors 15, the switch terminal 12 or equivalent canreceive inputs from a building occupant via an interface 20, anapplication on a mobile devices 23 or a platform initiated on a first orthird party cloud service to request a certain level of illuminance fromthe electrical circuit 28 and electrical lighting loads connected tothat switch terminal 12 or equivalent. Once this manual request isreceived by a switch terminal 12 or equivalent, it can maintain a levelof constant illuminance, or at least attempt to reach a state closets tothe desired levels by assessing changes in ambient light conditions viaa sensor 15, interpreting those changes via one or more platforms andthen adjusting the state of the power management system 38 to vary theamount of power reaching the electrical lighting loads. The platformmaintaining the constant illuminance provided by the switch terminal 12or equivalent when the light level is manually requested by a buildingoccupant will control the state of the power management system 38 in itsattempt to reflect the requested value until a local installed platformdecides for it to no longer be controlling.

In one embodiment, the local installed platforms can combine with thepower management system 38 to shift the level of power reaching theelectrical lighting loads. When these shifts occur, the local installedplatforms can execute a fully platform able (not fixed) transitionbetween one lighting levels to another. These transitions allow for anappreciably smooth transition of the lights that is non-linear likeexisting systems. In addition, the fully platform able nature of thesetransitions allow for the local installed platforms, if desired, to usethe transition to communicate certain messages to the occupants of aroom.

In one embodiment, one or more of the local installed platforms canserve to regulate the power management system 38 according to theplatforms' internally defined logic and thus control the state of theelectrical lighting circuit 14 in order to effectuate a modulation ofthe light exposure generated by the electrical lighting loads attachedto that circuit in order to create health related impacts on theoccupants of a space within which those loads exist. These healthrelated impacts could result from the specific exposure to light or lackof exposure to light or exposure to different levels of light atdifferent times of the day, or in patterns that affect a human subjectsbiological systems.

As illustrated in FIG. 7, in one embodiment, the present inventionincludes a switch terminal 12 or equivalent that minimally includes twoor more switch terminal 12 or equivalent to operate on a commonlyaccessible network 74 and thus can coordinate their individual andconcerted operation based on information shared between the devices.This interaction also allows for the switch terminal 12 or equivalent toexecute additional capabilities as an integrated system that anindividual switch terminal 12 or equivalent could not do in isolation.

In one embodiment, two or more switch terminal 12 or equivalent canmatch independently and use networking technology 68 shared in common byeach device 18 to create an ad-hoc mesh network 64 between themselves,thus forming the required commonly accessible network 74 to allow theindependent devices to begin constituting the switch terminal 12 orequivalent. In this embodiment, no externally provided network (thirdparty) like a wireless LAN, hardwire or bridge 18 is necessary for thesystem 10 to compose itself.

In one embodiment, the two or more switch terminals 12 or equivalent canuse backend 17, cloud system 21 and the like to seek and identify theexistence of other switch terminal 12 or equivalent on the network andbegin constituting the switch terminal 12 or equivalent.

In one embodiment two or more switch terminals 12 or equivalents use apreviously existing and independent third party accessible network 10 toseek and identify the existence of other switch terminals 12 orequivalent at first party system 10, or at third party system 10. Thiscan then begin constituting the switch terminal 12 or equivalent as wellas interact with other nodes that might exist on that same system 10. Ifthis system 10 has other third party devices 18 associated with it thenboth the switch terminal 12 or equivalent and an individual switchterminal 12 or equivalent can interact with those available devices 18.In one embodiment if this network has access to Network Systems 25. Thisinteraction can then be coupled with first party back-end, cloud 21,third party devices 18 or services, and the like.

In one embodiment, the switch terminal 12 or equivalent can allow otherswitch devices of system 10, or a third party system to begin sendingand receiving data between devices to allow for the operation of thoseindividual switch terminal 12 or equivalent to be based on data thatthey wouldn't have been able to attain independently via their localinstalled platforms, sensors 15, interfaces 20 and the like.

In one embodiment, the switch terminal 12 or equivalent can use theindividual switch terminal 12 or equivalents' ability to combine signalsfrom the sensor or sensors 15 with local installed platforms and makedeterminations as to the existence or absence of presence or activity inthat space, and determine the nature or characteristics of the presenceor activity in that space to inform the members of the switch terminal12 or equivalent to the existence or absence of presence or activity inthe disparately observed spaces and the nature or characteristics of thepresence of activity as to allow the members of the system to altertheir operation based on information collected from spaces they cannotsimilarly observe based on their physical location.

In one embodiment, a switch terminal 12 or equivalent (“first device”)that is a member of a switch terminal 12 or equivalent can utilizeanother member's (“second device”) ability to scan an three dimensionalspace that is not similarly perceived from the first device 18 anddetermine the existence or absence of presence of activity in that spaceto allow the first device 18 to decide how to control an electricallighting circuit 14 to which it is attached. The dimensions of how thefirst device 18 controls the electrical lighting circuit 28 can thus bea result of its interpretation of a multitude of signals and othercontextual factors received from a second device 18 to create anadaptive control system experience, that as a non-limiting example,provides for the, local determination of lighting states. The adaptivecontrol system is based on what is specifically happening in one or morethree dimensional spaces of building 25 not similarly observed by aparticular switch terminal 12 or equivalent.

In one embodiment, a switch terminal 12 or equivalent (“first device”)that is a member of a switch terminal 12 or equivalent may have morethan one local installed platforms executing simultaneously on itsintegrated computing device 14 that each are independently assessing asingle signal from a sensor 15 or a multitude of signals from more thanone sensor 15 attached to a other members of the switch terminal 12 orequivalent (“other devices”) so as to allow the one or more platforms onthe first device 18 to make their own independent decision about how thelighting environment as controlled by the electrical lighting circuit 14to which that first switch terminal 12 or equivalent is attached shouldadapt to meet a predetermined state based on the one or more platforms'independent assessments as to the existence or absence of presence oractivity in a space or the nature of the existence or absence ofpresence or activity in a space not perceived in the same way by thefirst device.

In one embodiment, a switch terminal 12 or equivalent (“first device”)observes a three dimensional space of building 25 and receivesinformation from other devices 18 or platforms elements of the system10, as well as third party systems, switch terminal 12 or equivalent(“other devices”), may receive data from other devices that allow one ormore local installed platforms on the first device 18 to determine basedon its local interpretation of the signals collected via one or moresensors 15 of other devices, or a direct indication from a localinstalled platforms on those other devices that based on their localinterpretation of their collected signals that there is the existence ofpresence or activity in their observed space—a space not similarlyobserved by the first device. The reaching of this independentdetermination or the reception of a similar message from another device18 can allow the first device 18 v to inform it's local installedplatforms to evaluate whether the first device 18 may also initiate acommand to change the state of the power management system 38 to allowfor at least some electricity to reach to loads attached to theelectrical lighting circuit 28.

In one embodiment the command issued by one or more of these platformsmay be to allow more electricity into the circuit or to allow lesselectricity. In all instances, these commands are assessed by a centrallighting decision engine and executed or not based on the determinationof that one or more platforms.

In one embodiment, a switch terminal 12 or equivalent (“first device”)that is a member of a switch terminal 12 or equivalent, while observinga three dimensional space and receiving information from other membersof the switch terminal 12 or equivalent (“other devices”), to determinebased on its local interpretation of the signals collected via one ormore sensors 15 of other devices, or a direct indication from a localinstalled platforms on those other devices that based on their localinterpretation of their collected signals that there is the absence ofpresence or activity in the observed space—a space not similarlyobserved by the first device. The reaching of this independentdetermination or the reception of a similar message from another device18 can allow the first device 18 to inform it's local installedplatforms to evaluate whether the first device 18 may initiate a commandto change the state of the power management system 38 to allow for noelectricity to reach to loads attached to the electrical lightingcircuit 14.

In one embodiment the command issued by one or more of these platformsmay first allow more or less electricity into the circuit but itultimately request that no electricity be allowed to power loads at all.In all instances, these commands are assessed by the central lightdecision engine 66 and executed or not based on the determination ofthat one or more platforms.

In one embodiment, when at least one of the switch terminal 12 orequivalent that is a member of a switch terminal 12 or equivalentincludes an ambient light sensing device 18 as one of its sensors 15,the system can assess the illuminance in three dimensional spaces whereat times not all of the switch terminal 12 or equivalent can perceivethe illuminance of all the observed spaces in a building. In certaincases, the local installed platforms on one device 18 (“first device”),can interpret the illuminance signal from an ambient light sensingdevice 18 attached to a second device 18 and use that measurement toalter the first devices' operation. Local installed platforms on anyswitch terminal 12 or equivalent connected to a switch terminal 12 orequivalent can use the ambient light measurement capability of any othermember of the system to trigger certain actions within its own platformor initiate other local installed platforms on other devices.

These one or more platforms can also issue commands to change the powermanagement system's 38 state for the first device, or possibly to otherdevices in the system by instructing that the system to change itscontrol of the electrical lighting circuit 14 until a specific value isattained from a single or plurality of ambient light sensing devicesattached to the system 10.

In one embodiment, when at least one of the switch terminal 12 orequivalent that is a member of a switch terminal 12 or equivalentincludes an ambient light sensing device 18 as one of its sensors 15,the system can to assess the illuminance in three dimensional spaceswhere at times not all of the switch terminal 12 or equivalent canperceive the illuminance of all the observed spaces. In some cases, theswitch terminal 12 system or equivalent can combine is ability to makedeterminations as to the existence or absence of presence in activityand the nature of those circumstances across one or more spaces observedby at least one of its members and the capability of one or more ofthose devices via at least one ambient light sensor to assess theilluminance of one or more of the observed spaces to maintain a state ofconstant lighting level in one or more spaces (constant luminance), orat least attempt to reach a state closest to the desired levels ofilluminance by assessing changes in ambient light conditions via asensor 15, interpreting those changes via one or more platforms on atleast one of the member devices and then adjusting the state of thepower management system 38 on one or more of the member devices to varythe amount of power reaching the electrical loads.

The platform or platforms maintaining the constant illuminance providedby the switch terminal 12 or equivalent may attempt to maintain theexact amount of light originally desired, or it might navigate to otherlighting levels based on certain instructions from other platformsexecuting on devices within the system.

In one embodiment, when at least one of the switch terminal 12 orequivalent that is a member of a switch terminal 12 or equivalentincludes an ambient light sensing device 18 as one of its sensors 15,the system can to assess the illuminance in three dimensional spaceswhere at times not all of the switch terminal 12 or equivalent canperceive the illuminance of all the observed spaces. In some cases, theswitch terminal 12 or equivalent can receive inputs from a buildingoccupant via an interface 20 coupled to a switch terminal 12 orequivalent that is a member of the system, an application on a mobiledevice 23 or a platform initiated on a first or third party cloudservice to request a certain level of illuminance from one or more ofthe electrical circuit 28 and electrical lighting loads connected toswitch terminal 12 or equivalent that are a member of the system 10.

Once this manual request is received by a switch terminal 12 orequivalent that is a member of system 10 it can distribute that commandto any one or multitude of other devices on the system, and ifrequested, maintain a level of constant illuminance in the spacesobserved by one or more of the member devices, or at least attempt toreach a state closest to the desired levels by assessing changes inambient light conditions via a one or more ambient light sensors 15included in member devices, by interpreting changes in ambient lightcollected via one or more member devices, including the possibility ofcollecting readings from its own sensors 15, via one or more platformsand then adjusting or requesting the adjustment of the state of thepower management system 38 on any number of the member devices in orderto vary the amount of power reaching the electrical lighting loads.

The platform or platforms maintaining the constant illuminance providedby the switch terminal 12 or equivalent when the light level is manuallyrequested by a building occupant will control the state of the powermanagement system 38 of member devices in its attempt to reflect therequested illuminance level until a local installed platform on any oneof the member devices decides for it to no longer be controlling.

In one embodiment, when two or more switch terminal 12 or equivalent aremembers of a single switch terminal 12 or equivalent, the localinstalled platforms on each discrete member device 18 can interact withlocal installed platforms of other member devices to orchestrate systemwide changes in lighting levels by coordinating individual shifts in thelevel of power reaching the electrical loads attached to member devices.When these shifts occur, the local installed platforms can execute afully platform able (not fixed) transition between one lighting level toanother by both a single switch terminal 12 or equivalent in the systemor by two or more, and possible the entire group of member devices. Inaddition, the fully platform able nature of these transitions allow forthe local installed platforms, if desired, to use the transition tocommunicate certain messages to the occupants of a room or any otherspace in building 25.

In one embodiment, when two or more switch terminal 12 or equivalent aremembers of a single switch terminal 12 or equivalent, one or more of thelocal installed platforms on each discrete member device 18 can interactwith local installed platforms of other member devices their powermanagement systems 38 according to the platforms' internally definedlogic and thus control the state of the electrical lighting circuits 14attached to the lighting system to effectuate a modulation of the lightexposure generated by the electrical lighting loads attached to thosecircuits in order to create health related impacts on the occupants of aspace or spaces where those loads exist. These health related impactscould result from the specific exposure to light or lack of exposure tolight or exposure to different levels of light at different times of theday, or in patterns that affect a human subject's biological systems.

In one embodiment system switch 12 can be used for local machinelearning on switch 12 and one or more devices 18 can be combined forthis purpose.

In one embodiment, when a single switch terminal 12 or equivalent is thesole member of a switch terminal 12 or equivalent, one or more of thelocal installed platforms on that device 18 can collect and optionallysummarize data received from sensors 15 integrated into that device, thedata generated by a building occupant's interaction with the switchterminal 12 or equivalent via interfaces 20, mobile devices 23, and datacreated by local installed platforms to create a corpus of data uponwhich those local installed platforms can analyze and derive insightsthrough the use of platform algorithms that improve the local installedplatforms accuracy in determining the presence of activity in anobserved space, the absence of activity in an observed space, thecharacteristics of the activity and the most appropriate adaptivecontrol system behavior as learned from the collected data. As anon-limiting example of a type of control system behavior, the system 10can identify based on the learned data the desired level of illuminancein a space based on the observed level of activity, the appropriateamount of electricity required by the electrical lighting circuit 14 toproduce the desired amount of illuminance in the observed space asprescribed by one or more of the local installed platform 39, thusresulting in the continual enhancement of the switch terminal 12 orequivalent performance in delivering the adaptive control system in aspace observed by the switch terminal 12 or equivalent.

In one embodiment, when one or more switch terminal 12 or equivalent aremembers of a single switch terminal 12 or equivalent that is notconnected to a Network Systems 25 connection, one or more of the localinstalled platforms on one or more of the discrete member devices 18 cancollect and optionally summarize data received from sensors 15integrated on one or any number of the member devices 18, data generatedby a building occupants interaction with the switch terminal 12 orequivalent via interfaces 20 on one or any number of the first partydevices 18, other similar first party devices 18, mobile devices 23,Network Systems 25 devices 18, third party devices 18 or servicesaccessible directly via Network Systems 25, and data created by localinstalled platforms on one or more of the member devices in the switchterminal 12 or equivalent to create a corpus of data upon which thelocal installed platforms on any one of the member devices can analyzeand derive insights through the use of platforms algorithms that improvethe local installed platforms accuracy in determining the presence ofactivity in an observed space, the absence of activity in an observedspace, the characteristics of the activity and the most appropriateadaptive control system behavior as learned from the collected data. Asa non-limiting example of a type of control system behavior, the system10 can identify based on the learned data the desired level ofilluminance in an observed space based on the observed level ofactivity, the appropriate amount of electricity required by theelectrical lighting circuit 14 to produce the desired amount ofilluminance in any particular space as prescribed by one or more of thelocal installed platform 39, thus resulting in the continual enhancementof switch terminal 12 or equivalent performance in delivering theadaptive control system in a space observed by any member of the switchterminal 12 or equivalent.

In one embodiment, when one or more switch terminal 12 or equivalent aremembers of a single switch terminal 12 or equivalent and that system isconnected to the Network Systems 25, one or more of the local installedplatforms on one or more of the discrete member devices can collect andoptionally summarize data received from sensors 15 integrated on one orany number of the member devices, data generated by a building occupantsinteraction with the switch terminal 12 or equivalent via interfaces 20on one or any number of the first party devices 18, mobile devices 23.Network Systems devices 18, third party devices 18 or services directlyvia a Network Systems 25 and data created by local installed platformson one or more of the first or third party devices 18 to create a corpusof data upon which those installed platforms can analyze and deriveinsights through the use of platforms algorithms that improve the localinstalled platforms accuracy in determining the presence of a buildingoccupant, a building occupant's activity in an observed space, theabsence of a building occupant or an activity in an observed space thecharacteristics of the activity and the most appropriate adaptivecontrol system behavior as learned from the collected data. As anon-limiting example of a type of control system behavior, the system 10can identify based on the learned data the desired level of illuminancein a space based on the observed level of activity, the appropriateamount of electricity required by a electrical lighting circuit 28 toproduce the desired amount of illuminance in a space as prescribed byone or more of the local installed platforms.

In one embodiment this can result in the continual enhancement of switchterminal 12 or equivalent performances in delivering the adaptivecontrol system in a space observed by any member of the switch terminal12 or equivalent.

In one embodiment, when a single switch terminal 12 or equivalentincludes an ambient light sensor 15, the local installed platforms onthe specific switch terminal 12 to which the ambient light sensor 15 isintegrated, or if that switch terminal 12 or equivalent is a member of aswitch terminal 12 or equivalent than the local installed platforms onany of the devices 15 in that system 10 can collect and optionallysummarize illuminance data from the ambient light sensor 15 on theoriginal device 18, data created by locally installed platforms on anydevice 18 in the system 10 that relate to the state of the powerprovided to the electrical lighting circuits 38 controlled by thosedevices 18, the load characteristics of lighting loads attached to anycircuit attached to a member of the system 10 to be analyzed by aplatform intended to generate a mathematical relationship between thelight levels perceived by the ambient light sensor on the originaldevice 18 and the actual levels of light present in the space observedby the original device 18.

Additionally, this same data and computational results can be used toinform local installed platforms on any member of the switch system ofthe actual lighting characteristics, including how much power relates tothe creation of how much light projected into the space is representedby any electrical lighting circuit 38 connected to a switch terminal 12or equivalent that is a member of the switch terminal 12 or equivalent.

In one embodiment, when a single switch terminal 12 or equivalent is thesole member of a switch terminal 12 or equivalent, one or more of thelocal installed platforms on that device 18 can collect and optionallysummarize data received from sensors 15 integrated into that device 18,data generated by a building occupant's interaction with the switchterminal 12 or equivalent via interfaces 20, mobile devices 23, and datacreated by local installed platforms to create a corpus of data uponwhich those local installed platforms can analyze and derive insightsthrough the use of platforms algorithms that improve the local installedplatforms accuracy in determining the relationship between an occupant'sor occupants' activity in a specific space and their desired level ofillumination in that space for a particular activity. The localinstalled platforms responsible for computing this relationship willtake into consideration the evolving nature of activity in an observedspace, the building occupant's manual inputs to interfaces 20 and mobiledevices 23 to adjust the level of illuminance in a space during anyparticular activity and continually improve the accuracy of the switchterminal 12 or equivalent ability to make the appropriaterecommendations for illuminance relative to the occupant's or occupants'activity, thus resulting in the continual enhancement of the switchterminal 12 or equivalent performance in delivering the adaptive controlsystem experience in a space observed by the switch terminal 12 orequivalent.

In one embodiment, when one or more switch terminal 12 or equivalent aremembers of a single switch terminal 12 or equivalent, that is notconnected to a Network Systems 25 connection One or more of the localinstalled platforms on one or more of the discrete member devices cancollect and optionally summarize data received from sensors 15integrated on one or any number of the member devices 18. Additionallydata generated can be provided by a building occupant's interaction withthe switch terminal 12 or equivalent which can be via interfaces 20 onone or any number of the member devices 18, other similar first partydevices 18, mobile devices 23, and Network Systems devices 18, thirdparty devices 18 or services and services. Additionally data created bylocal installed platforms on one or more of the member devices in theswitch terminal 12 or equivalent create a corpus of data upon which thelocal installed platforms on any one of the member devices that cananalyze and derive insights through the use of platforms algorithms thatimprove the local installed platforms accuracy in determining therelationship between an occupant's or occupants' activity in a specificspace and their desired level of illumination in that space for aparticular activity.

In one embodiment the local installed platforms responsible forcomputing this relationship can take into consideration the evolvingnature of activity in an observed space, the building occupant's manualinputs to interfaces 20 and mobile devices 23 to adjust the level ofilluminance in a space during any particular activity and continuallyimprove the accuracy of the switch terminal 12 or equivalent ability tomake the appropriate recommendations for illuminance relative to theoccupant's or occupants' activity. This can result in the continualenhancement of switch terminal 12 or equivalent performances indelivering the adaptive control system experience in a space observed byany member of the switch terminal 12 or equivalent.

In one embodiment, when one or more switch terminal 12 or equivalent aremembers of a single switch terminal 12 or equivalent and system 10 isconnected to Network Systems 25 one or more of the local installedplatforms on one or more of the discrete member devices can collect andoptionally summarize data received from sensors 15 integrated on one orany number of the member devices, data generated by a building occupantsinteraction with the switch terminal 12 or equivalent via interfaces 20on one or any number of the member devices, other similar first partydevices 14, mobile devices 23, Network Systems 25 devices 18, thirdparty devices 18 or services accessible directly via a Network Systems25, third party control cloud service 17, third party devices 18 andservices accessible via Network Systems 25 connection and data createdby local installed platforms on one or more of the network 10 or thirdparty devices 18 to create a corpus of data upon which those localinstalled platforms can analyze and derive insights through the use ofplatforms algorithms that improve the local installed platforms accuracyin determining the relationship between an occupant's or occupants'activity in a specific space and their desired level of illumination inthat space for a particular activity.

In one embodiment local installed platforms responsible for computingthis relationship can take into consideration the evolving nature ofactivity in an observed space, the building occupant's manual inputs tointerfaces 20 and mobile devices 23 to adjust the level of illuminancein a space during any particular activity and continually improve theaccuracy of the switch terminal 12 or equivalent ability to make theappropriate recommendations for illuminance relative to the occupant'sor occupants' activity, thus resulting in the continual enhancement ofswitch terminal 12 or equivalent performance in delivering the adaptivecontrol system in a space observed by any member of the switch terminal12 or equivalent.

In one embodiment, when one or more switch terminal 12 or equivalent aremembers of a single switch terminal 12 or equivalent that is notconnected to an Network Systems 25 connection, one or more of the localinstalled platforms on one or more of the discrete member devices cancollect and optionally summarize data received from sensors 15integrated on one or any number of the member devices, data generated bya building occupants interaction with the switch terminal 12 orequivalent via interfaces 20 on one or any number of the member devices,other similar first party devices 14, mobile devices 23, third partydevices 18, and data created by local installed platforms on one or moreof the devices 18 in the switch terminal 12 or equivalent to create acorpus of data upon which the local installed platforms on any one ofthe member devices can analyze and derive insights through the use ofplatforms algorithms that improve the local installed platforms accuracyin determining the relationship between an occupant's or occupants'movement from one space to another within large space that is made up oftwo or more smaller but related spaces.

By analyzing aspects of this data set, including, but not limited to,time of day, time intervals between sensor data, activity levels,presence or absence of presence, the local installed platforms canconstruct activity or pattern maps that represent the distinctive mannerby which occupants observed in these spaces move between them. Thisinformation can then be used by local installed platforms 34 distributedthroughout the switch terminal 12 or equivalent to predicatively changethe state of adaptive control systems, including but not limited to theelectrical lighting circuits 14 controlled by their respective switchterminal 12 or equivalent to allow for light to be adjusted in anparticular space in advance of the occupant's or occupants' presence inthat space or just before that light is needed by an occupant oroccupants. The local installed platforms responsible for computing theserelationship and maps will take into consideration the evolving natureof activity in an observed space, the building occupant's manual inputsto interfaces 20 and mobile devices 23 to adjust the level ofilluminance in a space during any particular activity and continuallyimprove the accuracy of the switch terminal 12 or equivalent ability tomake the appropriate recommendations for machine learning illuminancerelative to the occupant's or occupants' activity. This can result inthe continual enhancement of switch terminal 12 or equivalentperformances in delivering the adaptive control system experience in aspace observed by any member of the switch terminal 12 or equivalent.

In one embodiment, when one or more switch terminal 12 or equivalent aremembers of a single switch terminal 12 or equivalent and that system isconnected to the Network Systems 25, one or more of the local installedplatforms on one or more of the discrete member devices can collect andoptionally summarize data received from sensors 15 integrated on one orany number of the member devices, data generated by a building occupantsinteraction with the switch terminal 12 or equivalent via interfaces 20on one or any number of the member devices, other similar first partydevices 14, mobile devices 23, Network Systems devices 18, third partydevices 18 and services accessible directly via Network Systems 25,third party control cloud services 22, third party devices 18 andservices accessible via the network and Network Systems 25 connectionand data created by local installed platforms on one or more of themember devices to create a corpus of data upon which those localinstalled platforms can analyze and derive insights through the use ofplatforms algorithms that improve the local installed platforms accuracyin determining the relationship between an occupant's or occupants'movement from one space to another within large space that is made up oftwo or more smaller but related spaces. By analyzing aspects of thisdata set, including, but not limited to, time of day, time intervalsbetween sensor data, activity levels, presence or absence of presence,the local installed platforms can construct activity or pattern mapsthat represent the distinctive manner by which occupants observed inthese spaces move between them.

This information can then be used by local installed platforms 34distributed throughout the switch terminal 12 or equivalent topredicatively change the state of adaptive control systems, includingbut not limited to the electrical lighting circuits 14 controlled bytheir respective switch terminal 12 or equivalent to allow for light tobe adjusted in an particular space in advance of the occupant's oroccupants' presence in that space or just before that light is needed byan occupant or occupants. The local installed platforms responsible forcomputing these relationship and maps will take into consideration theevolving nature of activity in an observed space, the buildingoccupant's manual inputs to interfaces 20 and mobile devices 23 toadjust the level of illuminance in a space during any particularactivity and continually improve the accuracy of the switch terminal 12or equivalent ability to make the appropriate recommendations formachine learning illuminance relative to the occupant's or occupants'activity, thus resulting in the continual enhancement of switch terminal12 or equivalent performance in delivering the adaptive control systemin a space observed by any member of the switch terminal 12 orequivalent.

In one embodiment, when a single switch terminal 12 or equivalent is thesole member of a switch terminal 12 or equivalent, one or more of thelocal installed platforms on that device 18 can collect and optionallysummarize data received from sensors 15 integrated into that device,data generated by a building occupant's interaction with the switchterminal 12 or equivalent via interfaces 20, mobile devices 23, and datacreated by local installed platforms to create a corpus of data uponwhich those local installed platforms can analyze and derive insightsthrough the use of platforms algorithms that improve the local installedplatforms accuracy in determining the identity of an occupant oroccupants observed in a space.

As the accuracy of the one or more platforms ability to identifydistinct people regularly perceived in a given observed space increase,these local installed platforms can then construct personas containingprofile information about such occupants that include, among otherinformation, the occupants desired lighting preferences for a particularspace given a particular activity and time of day, and the regularmovement patterns within a series of connected spaces for that occupant.Subsequently these personas can be used to further improve the accuracyof other predictions made by the local installed platforms to enhancethe switch terminal 12 or equivalent ability to make the appropriaterecommendations for changes in the state of adaptive control systems,including but not limited to the illuminance relative to the specificoccupant's or occupant's activity.

The local installed platforms responsible for computing thisrelationship can take into consideration the evolving nature of activityin an observed space, the identified building occupant's manual inputsto interfaces 20 and mobile devices 23 to adjust the level ofilluminance in a space during any particular activity and continuallyimprove the accuracy of the switch terminal 12 or equivalentrecommendations. In one embodiment this can result in the continualenhancement of the switch terminal 12 or equivalent performances indelivering the adaptive control system experience in a space observed bythe switch terminal 12 or equivalent.

In one embodiment, when one or more switch terminal 12 or equivalent aremembers of a single switch terminal 12 or equivalent that is notconnected to an Network Systems 25 connection, one or more of the localinstalled platforms on one or more of the discrete member devices cancollect and optionally summarize data received from sensors 15integrated on one or any number of the member devices, data generated bya building occupants interaction with the switch terminal 12 orequivalent via interfaces 20 on one or any number of the member devices,other similar first party devices 18, mobile devices 23, third partydevices 18, and data created by local installed platforms on one or moreof the member devices in the switch terminal 12 or equivalent to createa corpus of data upon which the local installed platforms on any one ofthe member devices can analyze and derive insights through the use ofplatforms algorithms that improve the local installed platforms accuracyin determining the identity of an occupant or occupants observed in aspace.

As the accuracy of the one or more platforms can provide an ability toidentify distinct people regularly perceived in a given observed spaceincrease, these local installed platforms can then construct personascontaining profile information about such occupants that include, amongother information, the occupants desired lighting preferences for aparticular space given a particular activity and time of day, and theregular movement patterns within a series of connected spaces for thatoccupant. Subsequently these personas can be used to further improve theaccuracy of other predictions made by the local installed platforms toenhance the switch terminal 12 or equivalent ability to make theappropriate recommendations for changes of state of adaptive controlsystems, including but not limited to the illuminance relative to thespecific occupant's or occupants' activity.

In one embodiment the local installed platforms responsible forcomputing this relationship can take into consideration the evolvingnature of activity in an observed space, the identified buildingoccupant's manual inputs to interfaces 20 and mobile devices 23 toadjust the level of illuminance in a space during any particularactivity and continually improve the accuracy of the switch terminal 12or equivalent's recommendations 72. This can result in the continualenhancement of switch terminal 12 or equivalent performances indelivering the adaptive control system experience in a space observed byany member of the switch terminal 12 or equivalent.

In one embodiment, when one or more switch terminal 12 or equivalent aremembers of a single switch terminal 12 or equivalent and that system isconnected to the Network Systems 25, one or more of the local installedplatforms on one or more of the discrete member devices can collect andoptionally summarize data received from sensors 15 integrated on one orany number of the member devices, data generated by a building occupantsinteraction with the switch terminal 12 or equivalent via interfaces 20on one or any number of the member devices, other similar first partydevices 18, mobile devices 23, Network Systems 25 devices 18, thirdparty devices 18 and services accessible directly via Network Systems25, third party control cloud services, third party devices 18 andservices accessible via the network and Network Systems 25 connectionand data created by local installed platforms on one or more of thedevices 18 or first or third parties to create a corpus of data uponwhich those local installed platforms can analyze and derive insightsthrough the use of platforms algorithms that improve the local installedplatforms accuracy in determining the identity of an occupant oroccupants observed in a space. As the accuracy of the one or moreplatforms 39′ ability to identify distinct people regularly perceived ina given observed space increases, these local installed platforms canthen construct personas containing profile information about suchoccupants that include, among other information, the occupants desiredlighting preferences for a particular space given a particular activityand time of day, and the regular movement patterns within a series ofconnected spaces for that occupant. Subsequently these personas can beused to further improve the accuracy of other predictions made by thelocal installed platforms to enhance the switch terminal 12 orequivalent ability to make the appropriate recommendations for changesof state of adaptive control systems, including but not limited to theilluminance relative to the specific occupant's or occupants' activity.

In one embodiment the local installed platforms responsible forcomputing this relationship can include the evolving nature of activityin an observed space, the identified building occupant's manual inputsto interfaces 20 and mobile devices 23 to adjust the level ofilluminance in a space during any particular activity and continuallyimprove the accuracy of the switch terminal 12 or equivalent'srecommendations 72. In one embodiment this can result in the continualenhancement of switch terminal 12 or equivalent performances indelivering the adaptive control system in a space observed by any memberof the switch terminal 12 or equivalent.

In one embodiment, when two or more switch terminal 12 or equivalent aremembers of a single switch terminal 12 or equivalent that is notconnected to an Network Systems 25 connection, one or more of the localinstalled platforms on one or more of the discrete member devices cancollect and optionally summarize data received from sensors 15integrated on one or any number of the member devices, data generated bya building occupants interaction with the switch terminal 12 orequivalent via interfaces 20 on one or any number of the member devices,other similar first party devices 18, mobile devices 23, third partydevices 18, and data created by local installed platforms on one or moreof the member devices in switch terminal 12 or equivalent to create acorpus of data upon which the local installed platforms on any one offirst or third party devices 18 can analyze and derive insights throughthe use of platforms algorithms that improve the local installedplatforms accuracy in determining the spatial relationships of oneobserved space to other observed spaces within the same switch terminal12 or equivalent. By assessing facets of the data, including but notlimited to, intervals between recorded sensor data, building occupantinteractions with interfaces, the movement of occupants, the localinstalled platforms can then construct two and optional threedimensional maps of the spaces observed by the switch terminal 12 orequivalent. The local installed platforms responsible for computingthese space relationship will take into consideration the evolvingcomposition of the switch 12 or system include the addition or removalof switch terminal 12 or equivalent, the nature of activity in theobserved spaces, the identified building occupant's manual inputs tointerfaces 20 and mobile devices 23 to adjust the state of adaptivecontrol systems, including but not limited to the level of illuminancein a space during any particular activity and continually improve theaccuracy of the switch terminal 12 or equivalent spatial mapping. As anon-limiting example this spatial map can be used by other localinstalled platforms to enhance the adaptive control system experienceprovided by the switch terminal 12 or equivalent.

In one embodiment, when one or more switch terminals 12 or equivalentsare members of a single switch terminal 12 or equivalent and that system10 is connected to the Network Systems 25. One or more of the localinstalled platforms on one or more of the devices 18 can collect andoptionally summarize data received from sensors 15 integrated on one orany number of first party devices 18, data generated by a buildingoccupant interaction with the switch terminal 12 or equivalent viainterfaces 20 on one or any number of the member devices, other similarfirst party devices 18, mobile devices 23, Network Systems devices 18,and third party devices 18. This can create a corpus of data upon whichthose local installed platforms can analyze and derive insights throughthe use of platform algorithms that improve the local installedplatforms accuracy in determining the spatial relationships of oneobserved space to other observed spaces within the same switch terminal12 or equivalent.

By assessing facets of the data, including but not limited to, intervalsbetween recorded sensor data, building occupant interactions withinterfaces, the movement of occupants, the local installed platforms canthen construct two and optional three dimensional maps of the spacesobserved by the switch terminal 12 or equivalent. The local installedplatforms responsible for computing these space relationship will takeinto consideration the evolving composition of the switch system 72include the addition or removal of switch terminal 12 or equivalent, thenature of activity in the observed spaces, the identified buildingoccupant's manual inputs to interfaces 20 and mobile devices 23 toadjust the state of adaptive control systems, including but not limitedto the level of illuminance in a space during any particular activityand continually improve the accuracy of the switch terminal 12 orequivalent spatial mapping.

In one embodiment this spatial maps is used by other local installedplatforms to enhance the adaptive control system experience provided bythe switch terminal 12 or equivalent.

In one embodiment switch terminal 12 or equivalent or equivalent canprovide remote learning on a cloud.

In one embodiment system terminal or equivalent can be used forilluminance levels.

In one embodiment, when a single switch terminal 12 or equivalentincludes an ambient light sensor 15 and is connected to Network Systems25 via networking technologies 25 on the same device 18 or if thatswitch terminal 12 or equivalent is a member of a switch terminal 12 orequivalent, then can alternatively be connected to the Internet vianetworking technologies, such as Network System on other devices 18 inthe system 10, the local installed platforms 65 on the specific switchterminal 12 or equivalent to which the ambient light sensor isintegrated, or if that switch terminal 12 or equivalent is a member of aswitch terminal 12 or equivalent than the local installed platforms onany of the devices in that system can collect and optionally summarizeilluminance data from the ambient light sensor on the original device,data created by locally installed platforms on any device 18 in thesystem that relate to the state of the power provided to the electricallighting circuits 14 controlled by those devices, the loadcharacteristics of lighting loads attached to any circuit attached tosystem 10 element which is then transferred to a remote server to beanalyzed by a platform running on that remote machine or device 18intended to generate a mathematical relationship between the lightlevels perceived by the ambient light sensor 16 on the original device18 and the actual levels of light present in the space observed by theoriginal device.

Additionally, this same data and computational results can be used toinform local installed platforms on any member of the switch system ofthe actual lighting characteristics, including how much power relates tothe creation of how much light projected into the space is representedby any electrical lighting circuit connected to a switch terminal 12 orequivalent that is a member of the switch terminal 12 or equivalent.After the computation of these new results has been completed on theremote server, these results are then transferred back to theoriginating switch device 18 via its own Network Systems 25 connection,or if present via the Network Systems 25 connection of another switchterminal 12 or equivalent that is a member of the same switch terminal12 or equivalent.

In one embodiment switch terminal 12 or equivalent or equivalent can beused for lighting preferences.

In one embodiment, when a single switch terminal 12 or equivalent is thesole member of a switch terminal 12 or equivalent and that devicesconnected to Network Systems 25 via networking technologies 68 on thesame device, one or more of the local installed platforms on that device18 can collect and optionally summarize data received from sensors 15integrated into that device, data generated by a building occupant'sinteraction with the switch terminal 12 or equivalent system 10 viainterfaces 20, mobile devices 23, and data created by local installedplatforms to create a corpus of data which is then transferred to aremote server where platforms running on a remote machine can analyzeand derive insights through the use of platforms algorithms that improvethe local installed platforms accuracy in determining the relationshipbetween an occupant's or occupant's activity in a specific space andtheir desired the state of adaptive control systems, including but notlimited to the level of illumination in that space for a particularactivity.

In one embodiment the remote platforms responsible for computing thisrelationship can include the evolving nature of activity in an observedspace, the building occupant's manual inputs to interfaces 20 and mobiledevices 23 to adjust the level of illuminance in a space during anyparticular activity and continually improve the accuracy of the switchterminal 12 or equivalent ability to make the appropriaterecommendations for changes in the state of adaptive control systems,including but not limited to the illuminance relative to the occupant'sor occupants' activity, thus resulting in the continual enhancement ofthe switch terminal 12 or equivalent performance in delivering theadaptive control system experience in apace observed by the switchterminal 12 or equivalent.

After the computation of these new results has been completed on theremote server, these results are then transferred back to theoriginating switch terminal 12 via its own Network Systems 25connection, or if present via the Network Systems 25 connection ofanother switch terminal 12 or equivalent that is a member of the sameswitch terminal 12 or equivalent.

In one embodiment, when one or more switch terminal 12 or equivalent aremembers of a single switch terminal 12 or equivalent that connected toNetwork Systems 25 via networking technologies on the same device 18 orif that switch terminal 12 or equivalent is a member of a switchterminal 12 or equivalent, then can alternatively be connected to theInternet via Network System 25 on other devices 18 in the system 10, oneor more of the local installed platforms on one or more of the discretemember devices 18 can collect and optionally summarize data receivedfrom sensors 15 integrated on one or any number of the member devices,data generated by a building occupants interaction with the switchterminal 12 or equivalent via interfaces 20 on one or any number of themember devices, other similar first party devices 14, mobile devices 23.Network Systems 25, devices 18, backend 17, cloud system 21 and servicesaccessible directly via a Network Systems 25, and data created by localinstalled platforms on one or more of the member devices in the switchterminal 12 or equivalent system 10 to create a corpus of data which isthen transferred to a remote server where platforms running on a remotemachine can analyze and derive insights through the use of platformsalgorithms that improve the local installed platforms accuracy indetermining the relationship between an occupant's or occupants'activity in a specific space and their desired state of adaptive controlsystems, including but not limited to the desired level of illuminationin that space for a particular activity.

The remote platforms responsible for computing this relationship willtake into consideration the evolving nature of activity in an observedspace, the building occupant's manual inputs to interfaces 20 and mobiledevices 23 to adjust the level of illuminance in a space during anyparticular activity and continually improve the accuracy of the switchterminal 12 or equivalent ability to make the appropriaterecommendations for the state of adaptive control systems, including butnot limited to the for illuminance relative to the occupant's oroccupants' activity, thus resulting in the continual enhancement ofswitch terminal 12 or equivalent performance in delivering the adaptivecontrol system experience in a space observed by any member of theswitch terminal 12 or equivalent.

After the computation of these new results has been completed on theremote server, these results are then transferred back to theoriginating switch device 18 via its own Network Systems 25 connection,or if present via the Network Systems 25 connection of another switchterminal 12 or equivalent that is a member of the same switch terminal12 or equivalent.

In one embodiment, when one or more switch terminal 12 or equivalent aremembers of a single switch terminal 12 or equivalent that is connectedto Network Systems 25 via networking technologies 68 on the same device18 or if that switch terminal 12 or equivalent is a member of a switchterminal 12 or equivalent, then can alternatively be connected to theInternet via Network System 25 on other member devices in the system,one or more of the local installed platforms on one or more of thediscrete member devices can collect and optionally summarize datareceived from sensors 15 integrated on one or any number of the memberdevices, data generated by a building occupants interaction with theswitch terminal 12 or equivalent via interfaces 20 on one or any numberof the member devices, other similar first party devices 14, mobiledevices 23. Network Systems 25 devices 18, first party devices 18, thirdparty devices 18 or services and services accessible directly via aNetwork Systems 25, create a corpus of data which is then transferred toa server where platforms running on a machine can analyze and deriveinsights through the use of platforms that improve the local installedplatforms accuracy in determining the relationship between an occupant'sor occupants' activity in a specific space and their desired state ofadaptive control systems, including but not limited to the level ofillumination in that space for a particular activity.

The remote platforms responsible for computing this relationship willtake into consideration the evolving nature of activity in an observedspace, the building occupant's manual inputs to interfaces 20 and mobiledevices 23 to adjust the level of illuminance in a space during anyparticular activity and continually improve the accuracy of the switchterminal 12 or equivalent ability to make the appropriaterecommendations for changes in the state of adaptive control systems,including but not limited to the illuminance relative to the occupant'sor occupant's activity, thus resulting in the continual enhancement ofswitch terminal 12 or equivalent system performance in delivering theadaptive control system in a space observed by any member of the switchterminal 12 or equivalent. After the computation of these new resultshas been completed on the server, In one embodiment these results arethen transferred back to the originating switch terminal 12 orequivalent via its own Network Systems 25 connection, or if present viathe Network Systems 25 connection of another switch terminal 12 orequivalent that is a member of the same switch terminal 12 orequivalent.

Machine Learning Algorithm

As illustrated in FIG. 8 as a non-limiting example in one embodimentsystem 10 uses a machine intelligence system 100 for extractinginformation relative to building occupant switch terminal parameters. Inone embodiment system 100 is independent of system 10 and can be cloudbased, at a backend end of system 10, and the like. In anotherembodiment system 100 is integrated with system 10. In one embodimentsystem 10, with the use of system 100, uses a combination of a logicalinference with a statistical inference and then acts on a knowledge baseto provide the platforms changes in operational instructions.

The machine learning algorithms provide one or more instructions for theoperation of an adaptive control system relating to building automationrelative to at least one of building occupant switch terminalparameters. In one embodiment system 10 uses platforms that are used bysystem 10 to build platforms by extracting patterns from larger datasetsof a building occupant's patterns and behaviors relative to adaptivecontrols systems, including but not limited to load control devices andsystems 22. As non-limiting examples system 10 uses machine learninganalytics of one or more building occupants; for one or more of (i)learned types of activities a building occupant engages in as well thetype of light the occupant uses; (ii) learned types of activities abuilding occupant engages in as well the type of light the occupant useswithout the load control system 16; (iii) how many building occupantsare associated with a building 25, types of activities, the desired usefor those activities and devices 18, any or any kind of switch terminalactivates parameters or actions; extracting information relative abuilding occupant's behavior relative to load control systems 22 anddevices, for platforming, trends and behaviors of building occupantsrelative to switch terminals and any device 18 in a building,platforming, scoring building occupant data with platforms, forecastingand the like. In one embodiment system 100 maps parameters to an output.As a non-limiting example the platforms use observed parameters of abuilding occupant at switch terminal 12, or external to switch terminal12, to make a selection of a control law. When the expected output isknown, it is compared to an actual output from system 100. If theseoutputs match then we the selection is correct, and if not an erroroccurs, and the estimation of concept is updated. As a non-limitingexample system 100 handles each selected and/or desired parameter of abuilding occupant and provides a sequential output.

In one embodiment a database 27 stores the information created by abuilding occupant that can then be included in a platform that can beprovided in real time at the platforms center 110. In one embodiment thebuilding occupant behaviors and/or actions information database section120 stores relative building occupant behaviors and/or actionsinformation in a variety of different formats. In one embodiment thebuilding occupant behaviors and/or actions control learning unit 130offers a range of the building occupant behaviors and/or actionsinformation set from the building occupant behaviors and/or actionsinformation database unit 103. In one embodiment the building occupantbehaviors and/or actions learning control unit 130 may generate acontrol based on information that can distinguish between the normalstates or the abnormal state through the learning of building occupantbehaviors and/or actions activity in response to information input toone or more multi-layer neural network layers. In one embodiment thebuilding occupant behaviors and/or actions control learning unit 130receives building occupant behaviors and/or actions information in realtime, as well as updated information that are saved in the databasesection 120 with the updated information being used to update referenceinformation. As a non-limiting example this can be achieved for a setperiod of time, and the like. In addition, based on control informationit may include state information based on the reference information ofrelative building occupant behaviors and/or actions information, andbuilding automation. As a non-limiting example the building occupantbehaviors and/or actions learning unit 130 may include differentbuilding occupant behaviors and/or actions steps. In one embodiment thebuilding occupant behaviors and/or actions control learning unit 130includes features that can set the criterion to building occupantbehaviors and/or actions information input in real time and constantlyupdate by using the building occupant behaviors and/or actionsalgorithm. In one embodiment the building occupant behaviors and/oractions control analysis section 116 is accessed and evaluated. In oneembodiment the building occupant behaviors and/or actions control,analysis unit 116 may be generated in real time the building occupantbehaviors and/or actions control information and comparative analysis ofcontrol based on the information. Information and Control based oninformation or updates in real time storage, including the adaptivecontrol system status and zone status information 107.

As a non-limiting example the building occupant behaviors and/or actionscontrol, analysis unit 116 may obtain a building occupant behaviorsand/or actions control learning unit 130 using the results generatedthrough the state probabilities 0.0 to 1.0.

Example of an NTB Algorithm

In one embodiment an NTB algorithm is used to provide machine learninganalytics for extracting information relative to building occupantswitch terminal parameters as illustrated in FIG. 9.

In one embodiment system the algorithm builds platforms by extractingpatterns from larger datasets of a building occupant's patterns andbehaviors relative to a building occupant and a switch terminal 12. Asnon-limiting examples system 10 uses machine learning analytics of oneor more building occupants; for one or more of (i) learned types ofactivities a building occupant engages in as well the type of light theoccupant uses; (ii) learned types of activities a building occupantengages in as well the type of light the occupant uses without the loadcontrol system 16; (iii) how many building occupants are associated witha building 25, types of activities, the desired use for those activitiesand devices 18, any or any kind of switch terminal activates or actions;extracting information relative a building occupant's behavior relativeto load control systems 22 and devices, for platforming, trends andbehaviors of building occupants relative to switch terminals and anydevice 18 in a building, platforming, scoring building occupant datawith platforms, forecasting and the like.

In one embodiment the NTB algorithm divides a building 25 occupant'sentire behavioral data into a plurality of patches relative to switch,including but not limited to switch terminal 12 or equivalents anddevices, where each patch is modeled as a node in the error-freenetwork. In response to this an individual's behaviors, to provide humanactivity recognition, are modeled as a package transmission process inthe network. As a non-limiting example this can be a building occupantmoving from one patch to another patch relative to a switch terminal 12or equivalent can be modeled as a package transmitted from one node toanother. In this way, various machine learning behavior recognitionproblems can be transferred into the package transmission analysisproblem in the network.

As a non-limiting example the process of a building occupant movingamong patches as the energy consumed to transmit a package is modeled,the activities are detected with transmission energy features. As anon-limiting example, abnormal activities can be detected if itsenergies deviate from normal activity transmission energy by larger thana pre-trained threshold. As a non-limiting example this can be if abuilding occupant moves to an unusual patch, the energy used isincreased and this is detected as an abnormal activity. In this way, theabnormal detection problem can be modeled as the energy efficienttransmission problem in a network.

In one embodiment, the following actions are taken: (a) divide the sceneinto patches. (b) model each patch in (a) as a node in the network andthe edges between nodes are modeled as the activity correlation betweenthe corresponding patches. The red trajectory R (u, q) in (a) is modeledby the red package transmission route in (b). (Note that (b) can be afully connected network (i.e., each node has edges with all the othernodes in the network).

In one embodiment in order to ease the description only the fourneighboring edges are drawn for each node). Furthermore, besidesmodeling the correlation between the building occupant and the scene thenetwork-based model can also be easily extended for handling theinteraction among people.

In one embodiment a relative network can be structured where onebuilding occupant is always located in the center of the network and themovement of another building occupant can be modeled as the packagetransmission process in this “relative” network based on his relativemovement to the network-center building occupant. In this way, theinteraction among people can also be effectively recognized byevaluating different transmission energies in the network-based model.

In one embodiment the DT energy (activity correlation) is calculated andthen an analysis is performed.

In one embodiment of the NTB algorithm modeling is performed as a nodein a network. Activity correlations estimated based on the training dataand these activity correlations can be used as the edge values in thenetwork.

With these nodes and edges, the networks can be constructed. At the sametime, the activity detection rules are also derived from a buildingoccupant's data for detecting activities of interest during the testingprocess. In the testing process, after obtaining trajectories of people(which represent activities); their corresponding transmission energiesare first calculated based on the constructed network.

These transmission energies are analyzed and the activity detectionrules can be applied for detecting the activities. Furthermore, severalthings need to be mentioned about the NTB algorithm. Although there areother works trying to segment the scene into parts for activityrecognition, the NTB algorithm is different from them in: (a) the NTBalgorithm for a building occupant's behavior is constructed with apackage transmission network over the patches while other works usegraphical models for recognition. While the fixed structures of thegraphical models may limit their ability to handle various unexpectedcases the fully-connected transmission network is more general andflexible for handling various scenarios.

In one embodiment of activity rules an implementation can be differentfor different activity recognition scenarios. In one embodiment the NTBalgorithm is utilized in abnormal event or scene-related activitydetection, and group activity recognition. In one embodiment the NTBalgorithm in abnormal event detects abnormal activities, including butnot limited to a building occupant following irregular parameters and abuilding occupant moving.

In one embodiment the NTB algorithm divides the scene into parameters.

In one embodiment a building occupant activity or action is calculatedas follows:

Let R (u, q) be the building occupant trajectory of the current activitywith u being the starting patch and q being the building occupant'scurrent patch. Also define the Direct Transmission (DT) energy for theedge between patches i and j as e(i, j) (i.e., the energy used bydirectly transmitting a package from patch i to j without passingthrough other patches, as can be described in detail in the nextsub-section). The total transmission energy for the trajectory R can becalculated by accumulating the DT energies of all patch pairs in thetrajectory, as in

${E\left( {u,q} \right)} = {\sum\limits_{{({i,j})} \in {R{({u,q})}}}{e\left( {i,j} \right)}}$

As a non-limiting example the total transmission energy R (u, q) equalsto e (u, m) +e (m, n) +e (n, q). C. The he DT energy (activitycorrelation) is calculated between patches. The edges between nodes inthe network are modeled by the Direct Transmission (DT) energy betweenpatches. In order to calculate the DT energy, an activity correlation ACis introduced between patches. When there are high chances for people toperform activities between two patches i and j (e.g., move across i andj), a high correlation AC (i, j) appears between these patches.Otherwise, a low correlation is. The activity correlation can becalculated by:

Thus, the activity correlation can be calculated by:

${{AC}\left( {i,j} \right)} = {\sum\limits_{k}{{tw}_{k}\left( {i,j} \right)}}$

Where AC (i, j) is the activity correlation between patches i and j. twk(i, j) is the correlation impact weight between i and j from the k-thtrajectory in the training data. From this equation the activitycorrelation AC (i, j) is the summation of correlation impact weights twk(i, j) from the training trajectories. If more training trajectoriesindicate a high correlation between patches i and j, a large activitycorrelation AC (i, j) can be calculated. With the definition of AC (i,j), the DT energy e (i, j) between patches can be calculated by:e(i,j)=1/AC(i,j)

From this equation the DT energy is inversely proportional to theactivity correlation. That is, when the activity correlation value AC(i, j) are larger between patches i and j, it implies that a “higher”activity correlation will appear between the patches, resulting in a“lower” DT energy. In this way normal activities (normally go acrosshigh-correlation patches) can result in smaller total energies. In oneembodiment the correlation impact weights twk (i, j) are the key partsfor calculating the DT energies.

In one embodiment switch terminal 12 or equivalent provides for adaptivedimming.

In one embodiment switch terminal 12 or equivalent makes all ofdecisions with its back-end without requiring the connection to cloud21.

In one embodiment switch terminal 12 or equivalent provides for anadaptive building.

In one embodiment switch terminal 12 or equivalent is used for security.As non-limiting examples, this can be achieved using one or more ofusing: motion, microphones. Network System 25 connections, and the lightto provide building 25 monitoring which is based, in one embodiment onload control devices 18.

In one embodiment switch terminal 12 or equivalent can be used forambient assisted living.

In one embodiment switch terminal 12 or equivalent can used as a“Concierge” for an on star for a building 25. In one embodiment switchterminal 12 or equivalent can be used intercom via the light switch

In one embodiment switch terminal 12 or equivalent can be used for anynumber of different Apps/Services that are run locally or on the cloud.Whether run locally or via the cloud.

In one embodiment switch terminal 12 or equivalent can be used auto dimfor sleep.

In one embodiment switch terminal 12 or equivalent provides learningmethods and systems for a building.

In one embodiment switch terminal 12 or equivalent provides lightingpreferences.

In one embodiment switch terminal 12 or equivalent provides forilluminance levels.

In one embodiment switch terminal 12 or equivalent provides for lightingbased on rules derived from machine learning.

In one embodiment switch terminal 12 or equivalent provides buildingoccupant persona identification.

In one embodiment switch terminal 12 or equivalent provides building 25space mapping.

As a non-limiting example, one embodiment of a cloud system isillustrated in FIGS. 10A-E.

The cloud based system 21 includes a third party service provider thatcan concurrently service requests from several clients without buildingoccupant perception of degraded computing performance as compared toconventional techniques where computational tasks can be performed upona client or a server within a proprietary intranet. Alternative system10 back end includes the elements and functions of cloud system 21.

The third party service provider (e.g., “cloud”) supports 17 acollection of hardware and/or software resources. The hardware and/orsoftware resources can be maintained by an off-premises party, and theresources can be accessed and utilized by identified building occupantsover Network Systems. Resources provided by the third party serviceprovider can be centrally located and/or distributed at variousgeographic locations. For example, the third party service provider caninclude any number of data center machines that provide resources. Thedata center machines can be utilized for storing/retrieving data,effectuating computational tasks, rendering graphical outputs, routingdata, and so forth.

In one embodiment, the third party service provider can provide anynumber of resources such as servers. CPU's, data storage services,computational services, word processing services, electronic mailservices, presentation services, spreadsheet services, web syndicationservices (e.g., subscribing to a RSS feed), and any other services orapplications that are conventionally associated with personal computersand/or local servers. Further, utilization of any number of third partyservice providers 17 similar to the third party service provider iscontemplated. According to an illustration, disparate third partyservice providers can be maintained by differing off-premise parties anda building occupant can employ, concurrently, at different times, andthe like, all or a subset of the third party service providers

By leveraging resources supported by the third party service provider,limitations commonly encountered with respect to hardware associatedwith clients and servers within proprietary intranets can be mitigated.Off-premises parties, instead of building occupants of clients ornetwork administrators of servers within proprietary intranets, canmaintain, troubleshoot, replace and update the hardware resources.Further, for example, lengthy downtimes can be mitigated by the thirdparty service provider utilizing redundant resources; thus, if a subsetof the resources are being updated or replaced, the remainder of theresources can be utilized to service requests from building occupants.According to this example, the resources can be modular in nature, andthus, resources can be added, removed, tested, modified, etc. while theremainder of the resources can support servicing building occupantrequests. Moreover, hardware resources supported by the third partyservice provider can encounter fewer constraints with respect tostorage, processing power, security, bandwidth, redundancy, graphicaldisplay rendering capabilities, etc. as compared to conventionalhardware associated with clients and servers within proprietaryintranets.

The cloud based system can include a client device 18 that employsresources of the third party service provider 17. Although one clientdevice 18 is depicted, it is to be appreciated that the cloud basedsystem can include any number of client devices similar to the clientdevice, and the plurality of client devices can concurrently utilizesupported resources. By way of illustration, the client device 18 can bea desktop device 18 (e.g., personal computer), motion/movement/gesturedetection device, and the like. Further, the client device 18 is anembedded system that can be physically limited, and hence, it can bebeneficial to leverage resources of the third party service provider 17.

Resources can be shared amongst a plurality of client devicessubscribing to the third party service provider 17. According to anillustration, one of the resources can be at least one centralprocessing unit (CPU), where CPU cycles can be employed to effectuatecomputational tasks requested by the client device. Pursuant to thisillustration, the client device can is allocated a subset of an overalltotal number of CPU cycles, while the remainder of the CPU cycles can beallocated to disparate client device(s). Additionally or alternatively,the subset of the overall total number of CPU cycles allocated to theclient device can vary over time. Further, a number of CPU cycles can bepurchased by the building occupant of the client device. In accordancewith another example, the resources can include data store(s) that canbe employed by the client device to retain data. The building occupantemploying the client device can have access to a portion of the datastore(s) supported by the third party service provider 17, while accesscan be denied to remaining portions of the data store(s) (e.g., the datastore(s) can selectively mask memory based upon building occupant/deviceidentity, permissions, and the like). It is contemplated that anyadditional types of resources can likewise be shared.

The third party service provider can further include an interfacecomponent that can receive input(s) from the client device and/or enabletransferring a response to such input(s) to the client device (as wellas perform similar communications with any disparate client devices).According to an example, the input(s) can be request(s), data,executable platform(s), etc. For instance, request(s) from the clientdevice can relate to effectuating a computational task,storing/retrieving data, rendering a building occupant interface, andthe like via employing one or more resources. Further, the interfacecomponent can obtain and/or transmit data over a network connection. Asan illustration, executable code can be received and/or sent by theinterface component over the network connection. Pursuant to anotherexample, a building occupant (e.g. employing the client device) canissue commands via the interface component.

The cloud 21 provides for analysis of switch terminal parameters.

Moreover, the third party service provider includes a dynamic allocationcomponent that apportions resources (e.g., hardware resource(s))supported by the third party service provider to process and respond tothe input(s) (e.g., request(s), data, executable platform(s) and thelike) obtained from the client device.

Although the interface component is depicted as being separate from thedynamic allocation component, it is contemplated that the dynamicallocation component can include the interface component or a portionthereof. The interface component can provide various adaptors,connectors, channels, communication paths, etc. to enable interactionwith the dynamic allocation component.

FIGS. 11-13 illustrate one embodiment of a mobile device 23 that can beused with the present invention.

The switch terminal 12 or equivalent 18 can include a display that canbe a touch sensitive display. The touch-sensitive display is sometimescalled a “touch screen” for convenience, and may also be known as orcalled a touch-sensitive display system. The switch terminal 12 orequivalent 18 may include a memory (which may include one or morecomputer readable storage mediums), a memory controller, one or moreprocessing units (CPU's), a peripherals interface. Network Systemscircuitry, including but not limited to RF circuitry, audio circuitry, aspeaker, a microphone, an input/output (I/O) subsystem, other input orcontrol devices, and an external port. The switch terminal 12 orequivalent 18 may include one or more optical sensors. These componentsmay communicate over one or more communication buses or signal lines.

It should be appreciated that the switch terminal 12 or equivalent 18 isonly one example of a portable multifunction switch terminal 12 orequivalent, and that the switch terminal 12 or equivalent 18 may havemore or fewer components than shown, may combine two or more components,or a may have a different configuration or arrangement of thecomponents. The various components may be implemented in hardware,software or a combination of hardware and software, including one ormore signal processing and/or application specific integrated circuits.

Memory may include high-speed random access memory and may also includenon-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic disk storage devices,flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid-state memory devices.Access to memory by other components of the switch terminal 12 orequivalent, such as the CPU and the peripherals interface, may becontrolled by the memory controller.

The peripherals interface couples the input and output peripherals ofthe device 18 to the CPU and memory. The one or more processors run orexecute various software platforms and/or sets of instructions stored inmemory to perform various functions for the switch terminal 12 orequivalent 18 and to process data.

In some embodiments, the peripherals interface, the CPU, and the memorycontroller may be implemented on a single chip, such as a chip. In someother embodiments, they may be implemented on separate chips.

The Network System circuitry receives and sends signals, including butnot limited to RF, also called electromagnetic signals. The NetworkSystem circuitry converts electrical signals to/from electromagneticsignals and communicates with communications Network Systems and othercommunications devices via the electromagnetic signals. The NetworkSystems circuitry may include well-known circuitry for performing thesefunctions, including but not limited to an antenna system, an RFtransceiver, one or more amplifiers, a tuner, one or more oscillators, adigital signal processor, a CODEC chipset, a subscriber identity module(SIM) card, memory, and so forth. The Network Systems circuitry maycommunicate with Network Systems and other devices by wirelesscommunication.

The wireless communication may use any of a plurality of communicationsstandards, protocols and technologies, including but not limited toGlobal System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Enhanced Data GSMEnvironment (EDGE), high-speed downlink packet access (HSDPA), widebandcode division multiple access (W-CDMA), code division multiple access(CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), BLUETOOTH®. WirelessFidelity (Wi-Fi) (e.g., IEEE 802.11a. IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g and/orIEEE 802.11n), voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), Wi-MAX, a protocolfor email (e.g., Internet message access protocol (IMAP) and/or postoffice protocol (POP)), instant messaging (e.g., extensible messagingand presence protocol (XMPP), Session Initiation Protocol for InstantMessaging and Presence Leveraging Extensions (SIMPLE), and/or InstantMessaging and Presence Service (IMPS)), and/or Short Message Service(SMS)), or any other suitable communication protocol, includingcommunication protocols not yet developed as of the filing date of thisdocument.

The audio circuitry, the speaker, and the microphone provide an audiointerface between a building occupant and the switch terminal 12 orequivalent. The audio circuitry receives audio data from the peripheralsinterface, converts the audio data to an electrical signal, andtransmits the electrical signal to the speaker. The speaker converts theelectrical signal to human-audible sound waves. The audio circuitry alsoreceives electrical signals converted by the microphone from soundwaves. The audio circuitry converts the electrical signal to audio dataand transmits the audio data to the peripherals interface forprocessing. Audio data may be retrieved from and/or transmitted tomemory and/or the Network Systems circuitry by the peripheralsinterface. The I/O subsystem couples input/output peripherals on theswitch terminal 12 or equivalent, such as the touch screen and otherinput/control devices, to the peripherals interface. The I/O subsystemmay include a display controller and one or more input controllers forother input or control devices. The one or more input controllersreceive/send electrical signals from/to other input or control devices.The other input/control devices may include physical buttons (e.g., pushbuttons, rocker buttons, etc.), dials, slider switches, and joysticks,click wheels, and so forth. In some alternate embodiments, inputcontroller(s) may be coupled to any (or none) of the following: akeyboard, infrared port. USB port, and a pointer device 18 such as amouse. The one or more buttons may include an up/down button for lightcontrol of the dimmer, volume control of the speaker and/or themicrophone. The one or more buttons may include a push button. A quickpress of the push button may disengage a lock of the touch screen orbegin a process that uses gestures on the touch screen to unlock thedevice, as described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/322,549.“Unlocking a Device 18 by Performing Gestures on an Unlock Image.” filedDec. 23, 2005, which is hereby incorporated by reference in itsentirety. A longer press of the push button may turn power to thecomputing device 18 on or off. The building occupant may be able tocustomize a functionality of one or more of the buttons. The touchscreen is used to implement virtual or soft buttons and one or more softkeyboards.

The touch-sensitive sensor or touch screen provides an input interfaceand an output interface between the devices and a building occupant. Thedisplay controller receives and/or sends electrical signals from/to thetouch screen. The touch screen displays visual output to the buildingoccupant. The visual output may include graphics, text, icons, video,and any combination thereof (collectively termed “graphics”). In someembodiments, some or all of the visual output may correspond to buildingoccupant-interface objects, further details of which are describedbelow.

A touch screen has a touch-sensitive surface, sensor or set of sensorsthat accepts input from the building occupant based on haptic and/ortactile contact. The touch screen and the display controller (along withany associated modules and/or sets of instructions in memory) detectcontact (and any movement or breaking of the contact) on the touchscreen and converts the detected contact into interaction with buildingoccupant-interface objects (e.g., one or more soft keys, icons, webpages or images) that are displayed on the touch screen. In an exemplaryembodiment, a point of contact between a touch screen and the buildingoccupant corresponds to a finger of the building occupant.

The touch screen may use LCD (liquid crystal display) technology, or LPD(light emitting polymer display) technology, although other displaytechnologies may be used in other embodiments. The touch screen and thedisplay controller may detect contact and any movement or breakingthereof using any of a plurality of touch sensing technologies now knownor later developed, including but not limited to capacitive, resistive,infrared, and surface acoustic wave technologies, as well as otherproximity sensor arrays or other elements for determining one or morepoints of contact with a touch screen.

A touch-sensitive display in some embodiments of the touch screen may beanalogous to the multi-touch sensitive tablets described in thefollowing U.S. Pat. No. 6,323,846 (Westerman et al.), U.S. Pat. No.6,570,557 (Westerman et al.), and/or U.S. Pat. No. 6,677,932(Westerman), and/or U.S. Patent Publication 2002/0015024A1, each ofwhich is hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. However, atouch screen displays visual output from the portable switch terminal 12or equivalent, whereas touch sensitive tablets do not provide visualoutput.

A touch-sensitive display in some embodiments of the touch screen may beas described in the following applications: (1) U.S. patent applicationSer. No. 11/381,313, “Multipoint Touch Surface Controller.” filed May12, 2006; (2) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/816,862, “MultipointTouchscreen,” filed May 6, 2004; (3) U.S. patent application Ser. No.10/903,964. “Gestures For Touch Sensitive Input Devices,” filed Jul. 30,2004; (4) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/048,254. “Gestures ForTouch Sensitive Input Devices.” filed Jan. 31, 2005; (5) U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 11/038,590, “Mode-Based Graphical Building occupantInterfaces For Touch Sensitive Input Devices.” filed Jan. 18, 2005; (6)U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/228,758, “Virtual Input DevicePlacement On A Touch Screen Building occupant Interface,” filed Sep. 16,2005; (7) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/228,700, “Operation Of AComputer With A Touch Screen Interface,” filed Sep. 16, 2005; (8) U.S.patent application Ser. No. 11/228,737, “Activating Virtual Keys Of ATouch-Screen Virtual Keyboard.” filed Sep. 16, 2005; and (9) U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 11/367,749, “Multi-Functional Hand-Held Device.”filed Mar. 3, 2006. All of these applications are incorporated byreference herein in their entirety.

The touch screen display may have a resolution in excess of 1000 dpi. Inan exemplary embodiment, the touch screen has a resolution ofapproximately 1020 dpi. The building occupant may make contact with thetouch screen using any suitable object or appendage, such as a stylus, afinger, and so forth. In some embodiments, the building occupantinterface is designed to work primarily with finger-based contacts,which are much less precise than stylus-based input due to the largerarea of contact of a finger on the touch screen. In some embodiments,the device translates the rough finger-based input into a precisepointer/cursor position or command for performing the actions desired bythe building occupant.

In some embodiments, in addition to the touch screen or instead of atouch screen, the switch terminal 12 or equivalent may include atouchpad (not shown) for activating or deactivating particularfunctions. In some embodiments, the touchpad is a touch-sensitive areaof the device that, unlike the touch screen, does not display visualoutput. The touchpad may be a touch-sensitive surface that is separatefrom the touch screen or an extension of the touch-sensitive surfaceformed by the touch screen.

In some embodiments, the switch terminal 12 or equivalent may include aphysical or virtual click wheel as an input control device. A buildingoccupant may navigate among and interact with one or more graphicalobjects (henceforth referred to as icons) displayed in the touch screenby rotating the click wheel or by moving a point of contact with theclick wheel (e.g., where the amount of movement of the point of contactis measured by its angular displacement with respect to a center pointof the click wheel). The click wheel may also be used to select one ormore of the displayed icons. For example, the building occupant maypress down on at least a portion of the click wheel or an associatedbutton. Building occupant commands and navigation commands provided bythe building occupant via the click wheel may be processed by an inputcontroller as well as one or more of the modules and/or sets ofinstructions in memory. For a virtual click wheel, the click wheel andclick wheel controller may be part of the touch screen and the displaycontroller, respectively. For a virtual click wheel, the click wheel maybe either an opaque or semitransparent object that appears anddisappears on the touch screen display in response to building occupantinteraction with the device. In some embodiments, a virtual click wheelis displayed on the touch screen of a portable multifunction device andoperated by building occupant contact with the touch screen.

The switch terminal 12 or equivalent also includes a power system forpowering the various components. The power system may include a powermanagement system, one or more power sources (e.g., battery, alternatingcurrent (AC)), a recharging system, a power failure detection circuit, apower converter or inverter, a power status indicator (e.g., alight-emitting diode (LED)) and any other components associated with thegeneration, management and distribution of power in portable devices.

The switch terminal 12 or equivalent may also include one or moresensors, including not limited to optical sensors. In one embodiment anoptical sensor is coupled to an optical sensor controller in I/Osubsystem. The optical sensor may include charge-coupled device (CCD) orcomplementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) phototransistors. Theoptical sensor receives light from the environment, projected throughone or more lens, and converts the light to data representing an image.In conjunction with an imaging module (also called a camera module); theoptical sensor may capture still images or video. In some embodiments,an optical sensor is located on the front of the device so that thebuilding occupant's image may be obtained for videoconferencing whilethe building occupant views the other video conference participants onthe touch screen display. In some embodiments, the position of theoptical sensor can be changed by the building occupant (e.g., byrotating the lens and the sensor in the device housing) so that a singleoptical sensor may be used along with the touch screen display for bothvideo conferencing and still and/or video image acquisition.

The switch terminal 12 or equivalent may also include one or moreproximity sensors. In one embodiment, the proximity sensor is coupled tothe peripherals interface. Alternately, the proximity sensor may becoupled to an input controller in the I/O subsystem. The proximitysensor may perform as described in U.S. patent application Ser. No.11/241,839, “Proximity Detector In Handheld Device,” filed Sep. 30,2005; Ser. No. 11/216,788, “Proximity Detector In Handheld Device.”filed Sep. 30, 2005; Ser. No. 13/096,386. “Using Ambient Light Sensor ToAugment Proximity Sensor Output”; Ser. No. 13/096,386. “AutomatedResponse To And Sensing Of Building occupant Activity In PortableDevices,” filed Oct. 24, 2006; and Ser. No. 11/638,251, “Methods AndSystems For Automatic Configuration Of Peripherals,” which are herebyincorporated by reference in their entirety. In some embodiments, theproximity sensor turns off and disables the touch screen when thebuilding occupants are not near the device 18.

In some embodiments, the software components stored in memory mayinclude an operating system, a communication module (or set ofinstructions), a contact/motion module (or set of instructions), agraphics module (or set of instructions), a text input module (or set ofinstructions), a Global Positioning System (GPS) module (or set ofinstructions), and applications (or set of instructions).

The operating system (e.g., Darwin, RTXC, LINUX, UNIX, OS X, WINDOWS, oran embedded operating system such as VxWorks) includes various softwarecomponents and/or drivers for controlling and managing general systemtasks (e.g., memory management, storage device control, powermanagement, etc.) and facilitates communication between various hardwareand software components.

The communication module facilitates communication with other devicesover one or more external ports and also includes various softwarecomponents for handling data received by the Network Systems circuitryand/or the external port. The external port (e.g., Universal Serial Bus(USB), FIREWIRE, etc.) is adapted for coupling directly to other devicesor indirectly over Network System.

The contact/motion module may detect contact with the touch screen (inconjunction with the display controller) and other touch sensitivedevices (e.g., a touchpad or physical click wheel). The contact/motionmodule includes various software components for performing variousoperations related to detection of contact, such as determining ifcontact has occurred, determining if there is movement of the contactand tracking the movement across the touch screen, and determining ifthe contact has been broken (i.e., if the contact has ceased).Determining movement of the point of contact may include determiningspeed (magnitude), velocity (magnitude and direction), and/or anacceleration (a change in magnitude and/or direction) of the point ofcontact. These operations may be applied to single contacts (e.g., onefinger contacts) or to multiple simultaneous contacts (e.g.,“multitouch”/multiple finger contacts). In some embodiments, thecontact/motion module and the display controller also detect contact ona touchpad. In some embodiments, the contact/motion module and thecontroller detects contact on a click wheel.

Examples of other applications that may be stored in memory includeother word processing applications. JAVA-enabled applications,encryption, digital rights management, voice recognition, and voicereplication.

As illustrated in FIG. 14 in one embodiment an antenna 210, which as anon-limiting example can be a dual-band slot antenna 210, is integratedand/or coupled to the electrical circuit 28, which as a non-limitingexample can be a printed circuit board 28, of the computing device 14which includes at least two radio circuits 218 and 220 to provide anetwork interface to switch terminal 10.

In one embodiment the electrical circuit 28 is coupled to a metal frame212 with fasteners 214. Electrical contact is made only at definedpoints between the metal frame 210 and the electrical circuit 28. In oneembodiment the slot antenna 210 is void of all metal except at a feedpoint 216.

In one embodiment the functional dual-band slot antenna 210 providestuning and VSWR performance depend on other components in system 10.

As a non-limiting example antenna 210 can be used by first and secondindependent radio circuits 218 and 220 simultaneously that can beincluded in computer 14. As a non-limiting example this is achieved byusing a diplexer circuit 222, which can be an RF diplexer circuit. As anon-limiting example the diplexer circuit 222 can be a combination oflow pass/high pass filters 224. As a non-limiting example the diplexercircuit 222 can significantly attenuate signals from opposing radiocircuits 218 and 220, FIG. 15, with associated receivers.

In one embodiment the diplexer circuit 220 conditions the signal bysplitting the incoming signal into low and high frequency bands at theappropriate energy levels for the receivers of radio circuits 218 and220.

In one embodiment the diplexer circuit 22 includes two or more filters224 that can that can: (i) protect one radio circuit receiver from thetransmission power of the other radio circuit receiver and (ii) preventout-of-band noise received by an antenna from reaching the receiver ofeach radio circuit 218 and 220. In one embodiment one filter 224 is alow pass filter, and a second filter 224 is a high pass filter.

In one embodiment the two or more filters 224 of diplexer circuit 222help condition the incoming signal for each associated receiver of radiocircuits 218 and 220. In one embodiment the feed point 216 to antenna210 is connected to a common terminal of the diplexer circuit 222.

As a non-limiting example the receivers of radio circuits 218 and 220can be utilized for any frequency. As a non-limiting example thefrequencies of the radio circuits 218 and 220 can be in the range of 20MHz-300 MHz. In one specific example the frequencies of the radiocircuits 218 and 220 can be 915 MHz and 2.4 GHz respectively. In oneembodiment one of the filters 224 is a low pass filter and the secondfilter 224 is a high pass signal.

As a non-limiting example the low pass filter 224 is positioned betweenantenna 210 and radio circuit 218 and the high pass filter 224 ispositioned between antenna 210 and radio circuit 220. As a non-limitingexample this provides isolation, prevents damage to the radio circuits218 and 220 from a transmit power of the other radio.

As illustrated in FIG. 16 a power management system, which can be apower supply system 32 (hereafter power management system 32) and powermonitoring system 40, which can be circuitry are provided. In oneembodiment each switch terminal 12 has at least a plurality of wiringterminals 312. Because there is no specific configuration of the wiringterminals 312 to a specific wiring element/circuit 314, the powermanagement system 32 and power monitoring system 40 can be said to beinterchangeable, and a wiring terminal 312 element can beinterchangeable with a wiring element 314. The switch terminal 12 iscoupled to the electrical system (circuit) 28 of a building 25 byconnecting the wiring elements 314 of the building 25 to the wiringterminals 312 of the switch terminal 12.

In one embodiment power management system 32 can include an AC/DCconverter 316, a variable resistance control system (MOSFET) 318, ananalog front end 320 and MCU 34. In one embodiment the power monitoringcircuit 312 monitors the power characteristics and can utilize MCU 34.In one embodiment the power monitoring circuit 312 is an analog frontend.

As illustrated in FIG. 17 in one embodiment switch terminal 12 includesa plurality of wiring terminals 312. In one embodiment the plurality ofwiring terminals are at an exterior of the switch terminal 12. In oneembodiment the plurality of wiring terminals are at a back surface ofthe switch terminal 12. In one embodiment the wiring elements 314 of anelectrical circuit 28 can be coupled to a back end or at an exteriorsurface back end of switch terminal 12. The wiring terminals 312 areconfigured to be connected to the wiring of the lighting circuit. Thereis no set configuration connection of a wiring element 314 to a specificelement of a wiring terminal 312.

In one embodiment there is no singular and specific configuration ofwhich wiring terminal 312 is connected to a wiring element 314(circuits). This is in contrast to existing switch terminals 12.Interchangeable means that the wiring element configuration to switchterminal 12 does not matter. It does not matter which wiring element 314(circuit) is connected to which wiring terminal 312 irrespective oforder as long as there are the correct number of wiring elements 314 isconnected irrespective of the order.

As a non-limiting example the input an AC voltage waveform to run theswitch terminal's electronics is rectified on DC voltage. When AC lineterminals feed independent bridge rectifiers the circuit can then usewhichever of them has AC line power connected to it to generate the DCpower for the rest of system 10. As a non-limiting example each MOSFET318 is essentially a solid state switch between the two AC Lineterminals and they do not care which wiring terminal 312 is input andwhich output is.

In one embodiment four wiring elements 314 and two line wiring elements314 are provided. One is connected to power management system 32 andanother is connected to the electrical load. A neutral wiring element314 is connected to the common power wiring elements 314 of the circuitand a ground wiring element 314. In another embodiment three wiringelements 314 and two line wiring elements 314 are provided. One isconnected to the power management system 32 and another connected to theelectrical load. A ground wiring element 314 is provided. In anotherembodiment a specific configuration is similarly not required but onlythat the type of wiring element 314 be connected to the appropriate typeof wiring terminal element of a wiring terminal 312. In this embodimentground wiring elements 314 are connected to a ground terminals, linewiring elements 314 are connected to line terminals of a wiring terminal312 and neutral wiring elements 314 are connected to neutral terminalsof wiring terminal 312, but the specific connection of wiring elements314 with the specific terminals of wiring terminal 312 these types doesnot matter. The plurality of wiring elements 314, circuits, manipulatethe energy so that the switch terminal 12 is powered. Because there isno specific configuration of a wiring terminal 312 to a wiring element(circuit) 314 the wiring terminals 312 and wiring elements 314 areinterchangeable and there is not set configuration of a wiring element314 to terminals of a wiring terminal 312. This provides forinterchangeability of wiring elements 314 to elements of a wiringterminal 312.

This makes it easy for a building occupant to connect the switchterminal 12.

As illustrated in FIG. 18 In one embodiment one or more switch terminals12 includes or is coupled to a motion and or person presence detector,interface, sensor and the like (hereafter collectively “motion detectionsensor 410”. As a non-limiting example motion detection sensor 410 isused for security purposes of building 25. In one embodiment motiondetection sensor 410 is used to detect different types of humanmovement, presence and human identification. As non-limiting examplesmotion detection sensors 410 can be used for local event sensing, areasensing and the like.

In one embodiment motion detection sensor 410 can be used to detectionof unauthorized entry, detection of cessation of occupancy of an area toextinguish lighting, and detection of a moving object which triggers acamera to record subsequent events and the like. In one embodimentswitch terminal 12 is coupled with platforms on the computing device 14and configured to detect anomalies as they relate to the entirety of thebuilding 25 as a whole or as individual zones. A building occupant canconfigure which zones are being observed. Individual trigger settingsand rules can be specified for each of these internal zones to allow fordifferential treatment of anomalous behaviors within specific zones orthe building 25 as a whole.

In one embodiment the motion detection sensor 410 is a motion detectionsensor 410. As used herein motion detection sensor 410 is any kind ofsensing system which is used to detect motions; motion of any object orhuman as well as presence of a human in a certain area of building 25.In one embodiment a motion detection sensor 410 is a device that detectsthe physical movement in a given area/l designated locations and ittransforms motion into an electric signal. In one embodiment the system10 with motion detection sensor 410 provides an indication that somecondition has changed. In one embodiment all motion detection sensors410 have some ‘normal’ state. Some motion detection sensors 410 onlyreport when the ‘normal’ status is disturbed, others also report whenthe condition reverts to ‘normal’.

In one embodiment one or more platforms within computing device 14determine if the signals received by a motion detection sensor 410represent an anomaly relative to a known acceptable pattern and identifythat anomaly to the platforms for handling by their logic and thecapabilities and/or connections of the system 10. As a non-limitingexample the system 10 using motion detection sensor 410 indicates thatsome condition has changed.

As non-limiting examples motion detection sensor 410 can include but isnot limited to: infrared (passive and active sensors); optics (video andcamera systems); radio frequency energy (radar, microwave andtomographic motion detection); sound (microphones and acoustic sensors);vibration (triboelectric, seismic, and inertia-switch sensors; magnetism(magnetic sensors and magnetometers); vibration (triboelectric, seismic,and inertia-switch sensors); magnetism (magnetic sensors andmagnetometers); visible/infrared light (LED/Laser) beam; contact switch;piezoelectric sensors; ultrasonic, motion detection sensors; footstepdetection; microwave Doppler sensors; sonar; echolocation and the like.

As a non-limiting example one or more algorithms can be used to compareone sensed motion, presence and like, to a base value that can be in adatabase, including but not limited to database 27 which can be locatedor in cloud system 21.

As non-limiting examples motion detection sensor 410 can: generate somestimulus and sensing its reflection; sense some signals generated by anobject, and the like.

In one embodiment when motion is detected motion detection sensor 410generates an electrical signal based on which some actions are taken.

In one embodiment motion detection sensor 410 is coupled to an alarmdevice or system 414. In one embodiment a trigger signal from motiondetection sensor 410 is transmitted to one or more control unit(s) 416either through wires or wireless (radio, line carrier, infrared and thelike).

As a non-limiting example the alarm output can be local, remote or acombination. As a non-limiting example alarm device or system canconnect to server at a central station or first responder (e.g.police/fire/medical) via a direct phone wire, a cellular network, aradio network (i.e. GPRS/GSM), or an IP path.

In various embodiments the alarm device or system can be lights that canbe flashed; a sound can be emitted; an alarmed activated; a signalprovided to another system for response including but not limited tolocking the doors, windows and the like; activating another systemsresponse; a signal can be sent to a remote system, e.g., cloud systemfor handling to include the triggering of a response by an autonomoussystem or a human monitored system for intervention by that monitor.

In one embodiment the alarm device or system can be coupled to NetworkSystem 25 to deliver a detection of the anomaly to a server which can bein the cloud system 21, a local building 25 server and the like.

In one embodiment motion detection sensor 410 gathers data of motion. Aprocessor processes the motion data gathered by the motion detectionsensor 410. An executing interface can be provided that is capable oftwo-way transferring the sensed data between the processor and storagewhich can be a local or non-local database. As a non-limiting examplestorage can provide for: false positive detection and; storing forreceiving the data being calculated by algorithms through amicroprocessor that can be included in computing device 14, cloud systemand the like.

In one embodiment switch terminal 12 or equivalent, computer system 14,one or more sensors 15 with one or more switch terminal parametersrelative to the building 25, are utilized for controlling lighting inall or a selection section of building 25 provides for selectingdifferent lighting conditions consistent with a building occupant'scircadian rhythm. As a non-limiting example n all or a portion ofbuilding 25 for different activities, including but not limited tosleep, for different times of the day.

Circadian rhythm disorders are disruptions in a person's circadianrhythm—a name given to the “internal body clock” that regulates the(approximately) 24-hour cycle of biological processes. There arepatterns of brain wave activity, hormone production, cell regeneration,and other biological activities linked to this 24-hour cycle.

The circadian rhythm is important in determining sleeping patterns suchas when we sleep and when we wake, every 24 hours. The normal circadianclock is set by the light-dark cycle over 24 hours.

As a non-limiting example, wavelengths for “blue’ light can keep thepineal gland from releasing melatonin, thus warding off sleepiness. Ifenough blue light hits the eye, the gland can stop releasing melatonin.So easing into bed with a tablet or a laptop makes it harder to take along snooze, especially for sleep-deprived teenagers who are morevulnerable to the effects of light than adults.

As a non-limiting example a building occupant switch terminal parameterthe learning switch terminal parameter for a person from system 10,provides an understanding of historical patterns of the a buildingoccupants preferred amount of light for a given instance of humanoccupancy in a space in a coincident set of contextual factors.Historical data, current activates, presence, building occupant intent,type of space, time of day, connection of movement of a buildingoccupant from one space to another in order to provide a profferedamount of light for functional purposes, this can include psychologicaland health related matters

Additionally the a building occupant switch terminal parameter is usedto identify the actual building occupant and provide for suitablelighting conditions relative to that building occupant's normalcircadian clock.

As illustrated in FIG. 19 in one embodiment one or more switch terminals12 includes wiring components 30 that are secured to circuitry wiring 31without screw terminals or fixed friction connect terminals. In oneembodiment all or a portion of switch terminals 12 include a lockingmechanism 512 that couples wiring components 30 securely to circuitrywiring 31 without external live points of contact, e.g., external livepoints of contact including but not limited to screw terminals and thelike. Locking mechanism 512 provides for quick capture and release. Inthis embodiment the circuitry wiring 31 is isolated internally to switchterminal 12 without external points of live contact. In one embodimentthis is achieved without the use of a tool and is non-destructive tocircuitry wiring 31 which can be inserted, removed, reinserted and thelike A person can insert the wiring components 30 into the switchterminal 12 via exposed openings at the external housing of the switchterminal 12.

A circuitry wiring 31 enters a channel of switch terminal 12 and engageswith the locking mechanism 512 that first releases to allow the wiringcomponent 30 to make contact with the enclosed circuitry wiring 31. Oncethe contact has been achieved locking mechanism 512 locks the wiringcomponents 30 into contact with the circuitry wiring 31. In oneembodiment locking mechanism 512 is a mechanical element, magneticelement, electrical element and the like. In one embodiment lockmechanism 512 can be spring loaded. As a non-limiting example lockingmechanism 512 keeps the wiring components 30 and circuit wiring 31 incontact with one another and resists the decoupling of that contact thatcould result from the circuit wiring 31 being pulled out of switchterminal 12. This can be repeated for any and all of the requiredcouplings needed to power the switch terminal 12.

If the building occupant desires to decouple the contact the buildingoccupant can activate locking mechanism 512 that is external to theswitch terminal 12 to release the coupling of wiring components 30 andlocking mechanism, e.g., circuit wiring 31. The locking mechanismdeactivates the locking elements allowing the wiring components 31 to bepulled out of the switch terminal 12. This removal is achieved withoutthe destroying the circuit wiring 31 allowing it to be re-inserted inthe same or another opening to achieve the coupling. In one embodimentlocking mechanism 512 provides a pivot element 514 with a pivot point516, a release mechanism 518, and a pivoted bar 520, including but notlimited to a Pawl, coupled to the pivot element 514. A spring element522 can be configured to act on pivot element 514. As a non-limitingexample the pivoted bar 520 is adapted to engage with the circuitrywiring 31. As non-limiting examples the engagement can be by teeth 524or other engagement devices to prevent movement and/or to impart motion.In one embodiment the locking mechanism is sliding element, a button,and the like to interact with the pivot element.

As illustrated in FIG. 20 in one embodiment in response to system 10,more particularly one or more building occupant switch terminalparameters and the one or more sensors 15, knowledge is obtain of howthe sensors 15 relate to each other, and how system 10 and/or sensors 15should be operating anywhere in the dwelling 25. As a non-limitingexample spatial relationship information of devices 12 is determined. Asa non-limiting example for the purpose of enabling the prediction ofactivity by a building occupant and the creation of spatial relations ofdevices, links 610 between switch terminals 12 in a building 25 and/or aspace in a building 25 are determined. As a non-limiting example theselinks 610 between switch terminals 12 are used to control spaces and orzones in a dwelling 25, as well as detect anomalies. As a non-limitingexample anomalies can include but are not limited to: anomalies insensor outputs such as ambient or artificial light, movement by warmbodies, sound including but not limiting to falls, like falls, glassbreaking or utterances by people, electrical properties, in thedetection of presence of human beings and the like.

In this manner the building 25 is not programmed based on observation,by a set of actual building 25 plans, and the like. In one embodimentnot programmed is knowledge gained from the spatial relationships ofswitch terminals 12. As non-limiting examples not programmed means thatthe user has not provide explicit or implicit program to help structurethe systems operation and collection of inputs such as defining thespaces of a dwelling 25, the relationships of one space to another, andthe like.

As a non-limiting example relationships of frequented spaces is abuilding 25 are determined relative to other spaces in the building 25,including but not limited to how relationships of frequented spacesrelate to other spaces. In one embodiment system 10 knows know how thesensors 15 relate to each other and what they should be doing anywherein a building 25 based on predictive behaviors of building occupants.

In one embodiment an optimization of environmental conditions in abuilding 25 is created in response to one or more building occupantswitch terminal parameters and the one or more sensors 15. As anon-limiting example environmental conditions include but are notlimited to: ambient light levels as provided by natural light, ambientlight levels as provided by artificial sources, temperature of differentspaces, sound levels of any sound emitting device including those offirst and second parties in building 25. As a non-limiting example thespatial relationship information can provide for greater information forsystem 10.

Knowledge of spatial relationships of switch terminals 12 relative toeach other can determine aspects of system 10 that can independent ofbuilding occupant actions. In one embodiment, the knowledge of spatialrelationship information relative to switch terminals 12 providesinformation relative to a building's functions, a building occupantactivities relative to building 25 and the like, (hereafter “Functionsand/or Activities”) including but not limited to: (i) sensor 15validity; (ii) which sensors 15 apply and should be used forinformation; (iii) what sensor 15 input to use; (iv) the number ofentrances into a room/space by one or more persons; (v) a person'sentrance or exit to and from a room/space; (vi) additional intelligencerelative to activity in a room/space; (vi) are devices co-located in thesame space; (vii) sensor 15 co-location; (viii) scores for collation ofsensors 15, and the like.

The Functions and/or Activities also include the following: sleep,hanging out, change clothes, romantic time, nap/relax, watch TV beforesleep, play video games, shower, shower, wash hand, take a bath,shave/personal care, wash pets, watch TV at any time, have agathering/party, eat food, read a book, play video games, eat food withothers, gathering/chat, do it yourself project space, cooking, washingdishes/chores, getting something from the fridge, washing hands, makingcoffee/tea, getting snacks, putting things in the refrigerator aftergrocery shopping, eating/drinking if open kitchen, walk from front doorto inside house, walk from room to room, gathering/hangout, get somefresh air, get ready for day, choose what to wear, change clothes, putclothes/stuff in closet to be stored, finding objects or people,organizing, take things out, gaming if it's a game room TV), filing,take things out, park car, get in the car to go out, work for hours at atime, store documents, fill out forms, read a book, play video games,play board games, watch TV/movies, hang out with friends, lighting,temperature control, multi-media, security, window and door operations,air quality, or any other task of necessity or comfort performed by abuilding resident with the rise of wireless computerization,remote-controlled devices can be smart just-in-time.

As a non-limiting example in response to one or more building occupantswitch terminal parameters and the one or more sensors 15 Functionsand/or Activities within a building 25 can be adjusted as a buildingoccupant passes by and through the building 25. This can be used tocreate a “smart or intelligent building”.

As a non-limiting example maps and/or links 610 of spatial relationshipsallows for the mapping of building occupants in a building 25 includingits spaces, for optimization and measurement that can include:anomalies, number of building occupants, activities in that space,predictions of future activities, and the link. In this matter anintelligent building is created for subsequent future actions that areutilized in the building 25.

As a non-limiting example system can determine as determine thefollowing: “Should system 10 light up c when a and b happens in responseto one or more building occupant switch terminal parameters and the oneor more sensors 15.

System 10 knows the relationships of the switch terminals 12 in responseto one or more building occupant switch terminal parameters and the oneor more sensors 15

In one embodiment Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP) is used by switchterminals 12, sensors 15, and the like for advertising their identity,capabilities, and neighbors on an IEEE 802 local area network. Theprotocol is formally referred to by the IEEE as Station and Media AccessControl Connectivity Discovery specified in IEEE 802.1AB and IEEE802.3-2012 section 6 clause 79.

In one embodiment coded signals are sent through the building's wiring,and/or sent wirelessly, to switch terminals 12 that are programmed tooperate appliances and electronic devices in every part of the building25. It involves the control and automation of a building's Functionsand/or Activities.

In one embodiment traffic prediction algorithms are used for thecreation of the spatial maps of zones of building 25. In one embodimentmethods are used that can be grouped into 4 major categories: (i)partitioning methods, (ii) hierarchical methods, (iii) overlappingmethods and (iv) ordination methods.

A plurality of building occupant scenarios at building 25 is simulated.In one embodiment two different clustering procedures are conducted:input-based clustering and output-based clustering. The input-basedclustering is presented as building occupant activity clustering. In oneembodiment output-based clustering uses the simulation output producedunder the building occupant activities.

For the number of clusters, a criterion for choosing a reasonable K isadopted by examining final within-cluster sum of squares (WCSS) values J(K) as follows:

$R = {\frac{{J(K)} - {J\left( {K + 1} \right)}}{J(K)} \times 100\%}$${J(K)} = {{\min\limits_{S}{\sum\limits_{i = 1}^{K}{D\left( S_{i} \right)}}} = {\min\limits_{S}{\sum\limits_{i = 1}^{K}{\sum\limits_{X_{n} \in S_{i}}^{\;}{{X_{n} - \mu_{i}}}^{2}}}}}$$\mu = \frac{\sum\limits_{i = 1}^{n}{d_{i}t_{i}}}{\sum\limits_{i = 1}^{n}d_{i}}$

The foregoing description of various embodiments of the claimed subjectmatter has been provided for the purposes of illustration anddescription. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the claimedsubject matter to the precise forms disclosed. Many modifications andvariations will be apparent to the practitioner skilled in the art.Particularly, while the concept “component” is used in the embodimentsof the systems and methods described above, it will be evident that suchconcept can be interchangeably used with equivalent concepts such as,class, method, type, interface, module, object model, and other suitableconcepts. Embodiments were chosen and described in order to bestdescribe the principles of the invention and its practical application,thereby enabling others skilled in the relevant art to understand theclaimed subject matter, the various embodiments and with variousmodifications that are suited to the particular use contemplated.

What is claimed is:
 1. An intelligent switch terminal system forcontrolling a first switch terminal of a building occupied by one ormore building occupants, comprising: a plurality of one or more switchterminals that creates a building Network System, the intelligent switchterminal system including a plurality of switch terminal parameters fora switch terminal relative to the building, comprising: a first computersystem embedded as part of the first switch terminal of the building ata first location of the building; a first plurality of sensors embeddedas part of the first switch terminal and coupled to the first computersystem, at least a portion of the sensors provide signal data to thefirst computer system and in response the first computer system producesa command or data output as a result of computation occurring locallywithin the first switch terminal system or another switch terminalsystem located in the same building and connected to the same buildingNetwork System the command or data output includes a building occupantsbehaviors based on a machine intelligence developed by computationalprocesses executed on the computer embedded to the first switch terminalor another switch terminal system located in the same building andconnected to the same network; in response to a received signal from atleast one sensor of the first plurality of sensors the first computersystem determines if an action needs to be taken, and in response makesphysical changes to a control system of the building to changeillumination levels based on results from at least a portion of theplurality of sensors and the first computer system for at least aportion of the building, without any other computer other than the oneembedded in the first terminal system or another switch terminal systemlocated in the same building and connected to the same building NetworkSystem; a second switch terminal that includes a second plurality ofsensors and a second computer system that are both embedded as part ofthe second switch terminal the first switch terminal and the secondswitch terminal interact and coordinate their operations to provide thatthe second switch terminal supplements building occupant behaviorinformation obtained from the first switch terminal to allow the firstand second switch terminals to execute additional capabilities toprovide outputs including learned data that is based on a machineintelligence from previous data collected about patterns of a buildingoccupant; an interface at the first switch terminal configured toreceive a command input from a building occupant and serves as a pointof interaction between the first computer system and the buildingoccupant, the interface selected from at least one of: touch, graphics,sound, position, movement, voice, communication, wireless, and radio;wherein the system is configured to provide information of how at leasta portion of the first plurality of sensors relate to the secondplurality of sensors, the system configured to provide a prediction ofactivity by a building occupant and a creation of spatial relations ofdevices and links between at least of a portion of the switch terminalsin one or more spaces or zones of the building, and the links areconfigured to detect anomalies in at least one of: sensor outputs ofambient or artificial light, movement by warm bodies, sound utterancesby people, electrical properties, and the detection of presence of humanbeings.
 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the system is configured toprovide information of how at least one sensor and a second sensor ofthe first plurality of sensors relate to each other.
 3. The system ofclaim 1, wherein the system is configured to provide spatialrelationship information for at least a portion of devices coupled tothe first and second plurality of sensors.
 4. The system of claim 1,wherein the system is configured to provide a prediction of activity bya building occupant.
 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the system isconfigured to provide a prediction of activity by a building occupantand a creation of spatial relations of devices and links between atleast a portion of switch terminals in at least a portion of thebuilding.
 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the building is notprogrammed in response to observation.
 7. The system of claim 1, whereinthe building is not programmed by building plans.
 8. The system of claim1, wherein the system is configured to provide relationships ofdifferent spaces in the building.
 9. The system of claim 1, wherein thesystem is configured to provide relationships of different spaces in thebuilding relative to other spaces in the building.
 10. The system ofclaim 1, wherein the system is configured to provide how relationshipsof different spaces relate to other spaces.
 11. The system of claim 1,wherein the system is configured to provide information relative to whatat least a portion of the first and second plurality of sensors aredoing in the building.
 12. The system of claim 1, wherein the system isconfigured to provide information relative to what at least a portion ofthe first and second plurality of sensors are doing in at least aportion of the building.
 13. The system of claim 1, wherein the systemis configured to provide information relative to what at least a portionof the first and second plurality of sensors are doing in the building.14. The system of claim 1, wherein the system is configured to provideinformation relative to what at least a portion of the first and secondplurality of sensors are doing in one or more selected spaces in thebuilding.
 15. The system of claim 1, wherein the system is configured toprovide information relative to what at least a portion of the first andsecond plurality of sensors are doing anywhere in the building.
 16. Thesystem of claim 1, wherein the system is configured to provide anoptimization of environmental conditions in the building.
 17. The systemof claim 1, wherein the information of how at least a portion of thefirst plurality of sensors relate to the second plurality of sensorscreates a spatial relationship relative to at least a portion of thesensors.
 18. The system of claim 1, wherein the information of how atleast a portion of the first plurality of sensors relate to the secondplurality of sensors creates a spatial relationship relative to at leasta portion of the switch terminals of the building.
 19. The system ofclaim 18, wherein spatial relationship provides information relative toat least one of (i) a sensor validity; (ii) which sensors are used forinformation; (iii) which of a sensor has an input that is used; (iv) anumber of entrances into a room/space by one or more persons; (v) aperson's entrance or exit to and from a room/space; (vi) additionalintelligence relative to activity in a room/space; (vi) are devicesco-located in a same space; (vii) sensor co-location; and (viii) scoresfor collation of sensors.